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2024 Krypton 009 listed, retail price adjusted to 500,000 yuan

ifeng.com Car News On January 15, 2024 Krypton 009 officially launched; the new model still retains two options, WE version price increased from 499,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan, ME version price unchanged, still 588,000 yuan. The new model has four configuration upgrades, namely the standard streaming rearview mirror, passenger seat comfort suit, steering wheel four-way electric adjustment (linkage memory system), and double-layer sound insulation glass in the third row, of which the passenger seat comfort configuration mainly provides four-way electric lumbar adjustment and pneumatic massage function.

In terms of appearance, the range and performance standards of the new Polar Krypton 009 have not changed. The WE version has a battery life of 702 kilometers and the ME has a battery life of 822 kilometers. The power reserve of the two versions is still 400kW/686N · m. This car can break 100 in 4.5 seconds. Although this result is not very powerful in the electric car camp, it is unique in the medium and large MPV; its body size reaches 5209 * 2024 * 1848 mm, and the wheelbase is 3205 mm. It is a standard medium and large car, and it is equipped with front double fork arms and rear multi-link independent suspension. The performance limit and handling limit are the current top current standards of the same class of cars.

In terms of interior, in terms of extreme luxury, JK 009 has created a quiet "sky flat" with a Sofaro first-class aviation seat and cover area of 7.4m2 for users. This time, the comfortable cover of the passenger seat and the third row of double-layer sound insulation glass are upgraded to achieve luxury once again. At the same time, based on powerful hardware and multi-modal three-dimensional interaction system, the scene is remodeled into an intelligent space, and through OTA continuous upgrades and evolution, innovative technology and intelligent experience are often used as new, and the user experience is continuously refreshed. In terms of extreme performance, the Krypton 009 is equipped with a high-performance permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system as standard, with a 100-kilometer acceleration of 4.5s, making it the only MPV in the 4-second club. It is equipped with a high-performance air suspension set as standard, and has exclusive MPV adjustment. The 100-0km/h braking distance is only 36.9m. "Extreme Krypton Control" subverts MPV performance cognition.

In addition to the fully equipped luxury and comfortable configuration, vehicle safety is the second most important factor for JK 009 to win the favor of users. JK 009 overturns the inherent safety defects of traditional MPVs and redefines the safety standard for luxury cars over 5m.

In terms of power, the new car adopts the SEA vast architecture. The whole series is equipped with a high-performance permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system as standard. The peak power of the front and rear dual motors reaches 544 horsepower (400kW) and the peak torque is 686 Nm. According to the official data released, the 0-100km/h acceleration time of the car is 4.5 seconds, and the braking distance of 100-0km/h is 36.9 meters. The polar krypton 009 series is equipped with intelligent four-wheel drive as standard, equipped with lightning switching technology, and also comes standard with dTCS intelligent anti-skid system, fully automatic air suspension system and CCD electromagnetic vibration reduction system. The new car is equipped with Kirin battery, of which the WE version battery capacity is 116kWh, and the CLTC comprehensive working condition cruising range is 702km; the ME version battery capacity is 140kWh, and the cruising range can reach 822km. Fast Charge It takes 28 minutes to charge from 10% to 80%.

Summary: In the luxury MPV field of "full difficulty", Krypton 009 not only occupies the luxury C position with a new benchmark, but also redefines luxury from the user’s point of view, continues to upgrade the luxury product strength, and truly becomes and continues to maintain the "best MPV so far". In the future, based on the vast architecture of SEA, Krypton 009 will continue to advance in luxury to meet users’ more extreme pursuit of high-end travel.

"Hurricane" is not over? Not only does the mouth shape not match, Wu Gang is also very embarrassing

The hit drama "Hurricane", which triggered a national rush to follow dramas, made many people question whether the screenwriter had written a collapse. At the last moment, the level of many content was very different from the previous one.

First, look at the plot of Meng Yu poisoning the milk tea. You see Yang Jian and Ma Tao conspiring to use their wife Meng Yu, the ex-girlfriend of the male protagonist An Xin, to poison him in the milk tea in order to make him temporarily leave the task force and stop investigating them.

Originally, after this episode was released, everyone did not believe that Meng Yu would frame An Xin and ask him to leave the task force in order to protect his husband. However, when the episode was actually broadcast, Meng Yu did it, but at a critical moment, he suddenly turned against the water and refused to let An Xin drink the cup of milk tea and admitted that he had taken drugs. Tears fell, and people were puzzled and felt that this plot was embarrassing and abrupt.

On the other side of the timeline, Meng Yu’s husband, Yang Jian, was on his way to escape. At this time, there was a plot interspersed with him returning to his mother’s house to eat noodles. If it was to make Yang Jian decide to repent after seeing his mother, it would be reasonable.

However, the changes in this section were a little too blunt. On the way to escape in a hurry, there was a plot that seemed to be a bug hanging up. The fugitives ate a bowl of noodles slowly, and the arrest team waited quietly in a corner.

Then came the most terrifying scene! After Yang Jian and Ma Tao escaped, they were preparing to fight the task force on the dock. Because of the special status of the two people, the task force could not kill them with guns, and the two former police officers were still armed, so the situation was deadlocked.

At this time, Wu Gang’s role as the head of the anti-crime task force, Xu Zhong, let countless audiences experience the super embarrassment of "like a mountain on the back", "like a stick in the throat", and "like a needle and felt". I saw Wu Gang holding up a bottle of Moutai wine and waving it at Yang Jian, trying to understand it and move his feelings, and using his mouth to make the other party emotional.

In this regard, everyone’s reaction is that it can only be said that it is to pass the trial. There must be some highlight moments in the play, which is didactic in nature, in order to meet everyone.

The most critical problem was not that the plot didn’t make sense, but that the mouth patterns didn’t match.

Seeing the scene where An Xin persuaded his uncle Meng Dehai to surrender, did he always feel that something was strange? Why did it not make sense?

Also, why did Meng Yu, a journalist who had always insisted on justice, listen to her husband’s suggestion to poison her? Her mother had normal high blood pressure, so why did she suddenly collapse on the bed with a cerebral hemorrhage?

All kinds of doubts, in the mouth shape that did not match the actors and lines, kept the audience confused and lost. There was no way to force it, so the audience became lip readers one by one, and they couldn’t understand the plot and could only guess it by themselves.

It was said that Meng Dehai had reached a strategic cooperation when Gao Qiqiang was still the general manager of the Construction Engineering Group. In other words, in Jinghai City, Zhao Lidong and Meng Dehai were fighting, not Zhao Lidong alone.

However, with the current changes, Meng Dehai was forcibly changed to a good official who was just covering up for his son-in-law, which made most of the plot impossible to connect. If the original lines were followed, then Meng Yu’s behavior would make sense, and it was not surprising that An Xin asked him to turn himself in.

In short, although "Hurricane" has all kinds of problems, this is one of the best domestic dramas in recent years, and it has achieved a true national pursuit of dramas. Moreover, it is also because of the excellent plot in the early stage and more and more people pay attention to it, which makes everyone pay more attention to the plot. There are more picky people, and there will always be dissatisfaction.

Fan Bingbing was banned after life is bleak? by mask annual income 800 million was recently prosecuted

Fan Bingbing creates its own brand and supports Zhuozhou

Fan Bingbing, who was "banned" in people’s impression, may have lost his main job and lived a miserable life. But in fact, Fan Bingbing founded his own beauty and skin care brand, Fanbeauty, in 2019, which mainly launched facial mask products, and the development momentum is very good. In 2022, its sales reached 850 million amazing results; this year alone, its sales exceeded 200 million during the 618 period, which can be described as the leader of the entire industry.

In this way, although Fan Bingbing cannot become a female star, he has opened up a new path and made a big impact in the business field, just like a successful female entrepreneur.

Fan Bingbing recent photo

However, in July this year, Fan Bingbing’s entrepreneurial journey seemed to have run into some trouble: Fan Bingbing and his beauty brand were sued.

At present, it appears that it should be a brand name infringement issue, and the outcome of the lawsuit is currently unknown.

Fan Bingbing, who was forced to give up his acting career, unexpectedly achieved success in the business field. I wonder if Fan Bingbing really repented, and what will happen to his future development?

Galaxy Aerospace’s first satellite completes 3-minute video call test – satellite Internet is here

  Figure ① The technology research and development team of the Galaxy Aerospace Launch Star is working. Figure ② On January 16, 2020, at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, the Galaxy Aerospace Launch Star is about to be launched. (Data picture) Figure ③ The "solar wing" of the Galaxy Aerospace Launch Star is in an unfolded state. (Data picture)

  Not long ago, the first satellite of Galaxy Aerospace (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Galaxy Aerospace") achieved a communication application test of more than 3 minutes for the first time. The staff used their mobile phones to connect to the WiFi hotspot provided by the end point of the Galaxy satellite, and realized a 3-minute video call through this 5G satellite.

  This call is destined to leave a strong mark in the history of China’s commercial aerospace. This shows that the first low-orbit 5G satellite independently developed by Chinese commercial companies is really coming. Previously, on February 16, Galaxy Aerospace successfully carried out a communication capability test after 30 days in orbit, and verified low-orbit Q/V/Ka and other frequency band communication for the first time in the world.

  China’s satellite Internet has taken a major step forward

  As a typical strategic emerging industry, commercial aerospace has significant technological traction and industrial driving role. In recent years, the United States has actively promoted the development of commercial aerospace. SpaceX (Space Exploration Company), Blue Origin and other commercial aerospace enterprises have developed rapidly, and satellite Internet and space tourism are on the horizon.

  In this "space race", China’s commercial aerospace has not been absent. On January 16, the first Galaxy Aerospace satellite was successfully launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It is not only China’s first low-orbit broadband communications satellite with a communication capacity of 10Gbps, but also the world’s first low-orbit high-frequency millimeter wave satellite.

  On the day of the launch, Xu Ming, founder of Galaxy Aerospace (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., excitedly posted a set of pictures on Moments. The satellite in the picture was written with the words "Be a good company". Xu Ming said that "Be a good company" is the original intention of Galaxy Aerospace. A good company should not only show the power of technology, but also truly care about human nature and find the intersection of technology and humanities. "The successful launch of the first star means that the company has made a good start on this road."

  In fact, founding Galaxy Aerospace is the second time Xu Ming has started a business. Previously, he co-founded Cheetah Mobile with partners and drove the company to a successful listing.

  After his first successful start-up, Xu Ming has been looking forward to new challenges. In 2016, the State Council issued the "13th Five-Year" National Strategic Emerging Industry Development Plan and the "2016 China’s Aerospace" white paper, encouraging and guiding private capital to participate in aerospace scientific research and production, and vigorously developing commercial aerospace and satellite applications.

  The opportunity that Xu Ming had been waiting for for a long time finally came. In April 2018, Galaxy Aerospace, which had been brewing for a long time, was officially put into operation. In less than two years, it completed the whole process of low-orbit broadband communications satellite from design, research and development, launch to communication capability test, making Galaxy Aerospace one of the most valuable commercial aerospace enterprises in China.

  Cross-border talent structure solidifies the foundation for innovation

  A start-up company wants to build China’s first low-orbit broadband communications satellite with a communication capacity of 10Gbps from scratch, which seems like a "fantasy". However, Xu Ming is very confident. Because, unlike any traditional aerospace company, there are both Internet people and astronauts in the Galaxy Aerospace team, and this cross-border talent structure is Xu Ming’s confidence.

  In the past two years, talents from the traditional aerospace field have completely changed to a new way of working, and began to try the Internet-style "small steps" and "rapid iteration"; for talents who were previously engaged in Internet technology, this is equivalent to entering a new field, transforming obscure aerospace technology into "simple output" and giving it new vitality. Allowing different talents to look at the same problem from different angles is the inherent gene of Galaxy Aerospace’s successful innovation.

  Xu Ming said that the working mode of "small steps and fast iteration" of the Internet has allowed Galaxy Aerospace to carry out a large number of low-cost attempts in the development process of the first star, such as modular design, customized interface chips, industrial production and processing, etc., which has greatly reduced research and development costs and shortened the development cycle.

  As a start-up company, Galaxy Aerospace has been seeking opportunities for breakthroughs through innovative efforts since its inception. Especially at present, the Ku/Ka frequency band resources have become saturated, and with the increasing difficulty of frequency coordination, international commercial communications satellites are gradually developing into higher frequency bands. In this regard, Galaxy Aerospace has taken the lead and used the technically difficult Q/V/Ka frequency bands in the launch star. Since there is no technology and experience to learn from, this is undoubtedly a challenging journey.

  Q/V/Ka and other frequency bands, as the most suitable frequency bands for satellite communication services in the millimeter wave band, have wider bandwidth.

  "If the information transmitted by millimeter wave is understood as the traffic flow on the road, then using the bandwidth of frequency bands such as Q/V/Ka means that the car is faster, the road is wider, and the traffic flow is larger, which also means that we need more advanced road construction technology." Xu Ming said that in order to make more cars run on the road and build viaducts, it is a good solution to open the bridge and under the bridge at the same time. Therefore, in order to achieve the 10Gbps communication rate goal, Galaxy Aerospace has also built a "viaduct", that is, using the frequency band dual polarization technology implementation to double the communication rate.

  In addition, in order to improve system flexibility, Galaxy First Satellite also adopts multi-port amplifier (MPA) technology in the user transmission section, which can realize dynamic capacity allocation between multiple beams. This is also the first broadband Ka-band MPA on-orbit application in our country, and all components have been localized.

  Broadband satellite communication needs to be met urgently

  Nowadays, an era of commercial spaceflight is quietly approaching.

  At present, there are still about 80% of the world’s regions (including oceans and remote and underdeveloped areas, etc.) with nearly 50% of the population unable to access the Internet. On the one hand, these regions often have weak infrastructure, and large-scale construction of terrestrial network systems has a huge investment, and the input-output ratio is seriously unbalanced. Satellite communication will provide a low-cost solution for network coverage in these regions and populations. On the other hand, it is very difficult to connect sea areas, airspace and terrestrial networks, and space-based Internet is the only known solution. A representative data is that as of the end of 2018, our country had nearly 4,000 civil aviation aircraft, but because our country’s airborne communication business is still in its infancy, about 90% of them cannot achieve rear cabin network coverage.

  The huge Internet divide has put forward higher requirements for broadband satellite communication. It is predicted that the scale of China’s 5G industry will exceed 3 trillion yuan in 2025 and 6 trillion yuan in 2030, which is expected to drive the income of related industries on the scale of 10 trillion yuan. This means that in the future, 5G satellites will serve as an effective solution to complement the ground 5G network and create a 5G network that integrates heaven and earth.

  It is worth noting that, due to the wide range of satellite communication services and the absence of any impact from the earth’s surface geographical environment, satellite Internet, represented by low-orbit broadband satellite constellations, will not only become an important solution for achieving global satellite communication network coverage in the 5G and even 6G era, but also is expected to become an important trend and strategic commanding height for the integrated development of aerospace, communications, and Internet industries, providing new driving force for national and local economic development.

  Experts say that with the development of satellite communication technology, countries have upgraded satellite Internet construction to a national strategy in recent years, and attracted a number of aerospace and Internet Tech Giants. Take the United States as an example, SpaceX, Amazon and other companies have made arrangements. SpaceX took the lead in deploying giant constellations and has successfully launched 420 satellites, marking that the United States has entered a substantive construction stage in this field. In the current international environment, satellite Internet construction must be accelerated.

  Commercial aerospace ushers in huge industrial opportunities

  Today, Galaxy Aerospace’s pace of innovation is accelerating.

  "China’s aerospace start-up companies are actually very weak." Xu Ming said that only by breaking through hard core technology and being "reliable" in technology can we solve the fundamental problems that hinder the development of the company. "Because of this, we still insist on research and development during the epidemic, and have made progress in many key technologies."

  Xu Ming said that in the next step, the company will introduce Moore’s Law into the field of communications satellites through the digitalization of payloads, accelerate innovation, improve "on-board computing power", comprehensively accelerate the iteration of satellite technology, and promote the "seamless integration" of satellite networks and terrestrial 5G networks as soon as possible through the application level innovation of communications satellite systems.

  Xu Ming believes that with the overall progress of our country’s scientific and technological level and the gradual opening of policies and markets, huge business opportunities have emerged in many fields. "To some extent, aerospace may represent the future large-scale industrial system."

  The first star was the company’s first step, and Xu Ming is full of confidence in the future.

  "This is the era of commercial aerospace. In terms of market, China’s aerospace industry has an output value of 300 billion yuan; in terms of manufacturing, China has the world’s leading manufacturing capabilities. Take satellite production as an example. In the future, in the mass production of satellites, China’s high-quality skilled workers and the world’s leading manufacturing capabilities will show obvious advantages," Xu Ming said.

  In addition, the rapid development of China’s aerospace industry chain also provides strong support for commercial aerospace. "In the development and production process of the first satellite, many components are innovatively used industrial-grade or automotive-grade products, which can greatly reduce costs while achieving the same function." Xu Ming said, "In the future, Galaxy Aerospace will jointly explore new models of low-cost satellite component design and mass production with relevant domestic enterprises, and promote the gradual improvement of the entire ecological chain."

  "The inclusion of satellite Internet in the’new infrastructure ‘will undoubtedly further accelerate the development of the upstream and downstream of the entire industrial chain, which is of great significance for the construction of 5G network and the cultivation of digital space economy. Private commercial aerospace enterprises should give full play to their own advantages to help our country’s satellite Internet construction. It is foreseeable that with the further opening of our country’s aerospace industry policy, commercial aerospace is expected to usher in a new round of accelerated development." Xu Ming said. (Economic Daily · China Economic Network reporter, Wang Yichen)

Revealing the secrets of Silk Road e-commerce: from "milk powder diapers" to "the same style in China", it has also become a touchstone for China’s cross-border supply chain

The Czech crystal will seamlessly connect with the cross-border e-commerce platform after each CIIE, becoming the "same style in the Expo" that consumers can buy online for the first time. This year’s hot-selling product is a hand-carved gold-painted bowl, priced at 4,800 yuan, which is still difficult to stop consumers from chasing.

Czech crystal has attracted imitators. A niche French skin care product that participated in the Expo for the first time this year immediately entered the Qingpu Comprehensive Guarantee Area after the exhibition, and also became a cross-border e-commerce product. Once a consumer places an order, the goods can be shipped directly from the warehouse in the Comprehensive Guarantee Area.

They came to Shanghai not far away and became participants in "Silk Road E-commerce".China’s accession to the WTO 20 years ago has activated a pool of spring water for the world economy. Now China focuses on promoting the development of cross-border e-commerce in countries and regions along the "Belt and Road Initiative", once again injecting new impetus into global trade facilitation.

It is understood that our country’s cross-border e-commerce started in 2013. In recent years, after four sessions of the Expo, as our country continues to expand and open up, China’s market consumption continues to upgrade, and more and more niche products with the characteristics of the "Belt and Road Initiative" choose to be sold to China through cross-border e-commerce channels. Many have gone through the upgrade road from "trial new products" to "explosion" to "big trade goods". "Silk Road E-commerce" has explored the password of China’s consumption upgrade and has become the vanguard of general trade.

After the Expo, it became popular

China Jiesi Co-promotion Center is a typical "Silk Road E-commerce". In recent years, it has taken over more than 70% of our country’s imported crystal handicrafts from the Czech Republic. However, Zhang Peng, the president, knows how to treat them differently – for those mature models, they are mostly imported by general trade, and high-value-added new models go through cross-border e-commerce. "Since it is impossible to determine in advance whether the new models will be popular in China, cross-border e-commerce has undoubtedly become a fast and economical choice."

Czech crystal at the 4th CIIE.

Zhao Jian, general manager of Cainiao International Supply Chain, is deeply involved in cross-border e-commerce logistics and is keen to study the "Silk Road special line". Last year, together with airlines, customs and other departments, he piloted the first cross-border direct mail "niche incense" route in China and Europe in Germany. It is filled with incense products that have never entered the Chinese market but have an excellent reputation in Europe. During the "Double Dan" period last year, it was able to be sent directly from Europe to China every day.

In Zhao Jian’s eyes, cross-border e-commerce has many benefits. "It is like you go shopping abroad, and its taxation and entry requirements are naturally different from those of general trade imports. At the end of 2018, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Customs and other six ministries and commissions jointly issued a document to supervise the retail imports of cross-border e-commerce goods according to the entry items for personal use, and do not implement the requirements for the approval, registration or filing of the first import license of the relevant goods. At the same time, they are exempt from customs duties, and only 9.1% of the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive tax is levied, that is, 13% of the value-added tax is 30% off. Many consumers like that cross-border e-commerce has a real customs declaration form, which is more reliable than the real and fake’purchasing

However, according to the observation of Lao Weiling, director of the e-commerce research center of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, before the first CIIE, "Silk Road e-commerce" was mostly synonymous with overseas milk powder diapers, and it was after the CIIE that it really became popular. "The CIIE has ignited consumers’ new ideas, and they are eager to see the same product on the cross-border e-commerce platform. Therefore, Malaysian health care products, goat milk masks in Poland, beer in Angola, and chocolate-flavored coffee all appeared after the CIIE, and quickly launched the cross-border e-commerce platform."

Polish cosmetics brand Yasumi opened its Tmall Global flagship store during the second CIIE. (Photo by Li Ye)

According to Shanghai customs data, in the first three quarters of 2019 after the conclusion of the first China International Import Expo, Shanghai’s cross-border e-commerce online shopping bonded trade imports grew by as much as 40.3%.

Inspire Shanghai’s system to re-innovate

According to the figures released at the 2021 China International Trade in Services Fair, in the past five years, the scale of cross-border e-commerce in our country has increased by nearly 10 times, and the import and export volume last year has reached 1.69 trillion yuan. Shanghai, as one of the first batch of cross-border e-commerce pilot cities in our country in 2013, has always played a leading role. The transaction scale has continued to grow by double digits in the first half of this year, ranking among the top in the country. The RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement), which will take effect in January next year, will stimulate the re-innovation of Shanghai’s system.

The warehouse in the Shanghai Comprehensive Guarantee Area is filled with cross-border e-commerce goods.

The RCEP was initiated by the ten ASEAN countries and invited China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand and India to participate together to establish a unified market for free trade among the 16 countries by reducing tariffs and non-tariff barriers. Under the RCEP framework, the number of products that will eventually achieve zero tariffs in goods trade will reach 90%, which will greatly encourage the development of cross-border e-commerce among RCEP member countries.

To become a big "Silk Road e-commerce", the speed must be faster. Shanghai is already taking action. For example, a Japanese direct purchase import order can be placed today and received the next day. It is reported that Shanghai has established a fast customs clearance mechanism for cross-border e-commerce, from the arrival of goods at customs supervision places to customs clearance and release, the longest time is no more than 24 hours, and a large number of low-risk declared goods can even be "released in seconds". Take Xiaohongshu, a cross-border e-commerce platform, as an example. Orders in Europe, America and Australia generally take only 7 to 10 days from the time the user places an order to signing for it. Japanese and Korean orders are faster, with Shanghai users taking no more than 3 days and national users taking up to 5 days. If a Japanese direct mail import order is placed by the consumer in the morning, the overseas warehouse will pack it immediately, pick it up in the afternoon, air it to Shanghai in the early morning of the next day, and clear customs in the afternoon, and it will be delivered that night.

In addition to fast release, there is also the convenience of summary tax payment. In order to support the development of "Silk Road e-commerce", Shanghai Customs has launched a "list verification and centralized tax payment" customs clearance model. E-commerce enterprises can apply for summary payment letters from the customs within 31 to 45 days from the date of cross-border package release. This move greatly facilitates enterprises.It has attracted a large number of e-commerce companies such as Xiaohongshu, Tmall Global, JD.com Global Shopping, and Amazon to place the import port of "cross-border direct purchase" business in Shanghai, and also place the "traffic test" of cross-border purchase at consumer carnival points such as "Double 11", "Double 12" and "Black Friday" at the Shanghai port.

Cross-border supply chains are strengthening

"Silk Road E-commerce" is a two-way trade. On the one hand, foreign brands explore the Chinese market, and on the other hand, domestic products go overseas. Data show that in the total scale of cross-border e-commerce transactions in our country last year, the export value was 3 times that of the import value.

Foreigners are enthusiastic about purchasing Chinese goods.

The University of Ghent in Belgium has recently set off a Chinese Phoenix brand bicycle craze, which stems from the fact that European college students have used cycling to replace the previous way of taking trains due to the pandemic. The trend of foreigners keen on Chinese goods is related to the increase in overseas promotion of "Silk Road e-commerce" such as Tmall Global, Koala Haigou and AliExpress in the past two years. For example, AliExpress has seen a surge in overseas users participating in the "Double 11" hand chopping this year. Among them, Brazilian users are the most enthusiastic, and in just 15 minutes, they exceeded the one-hour transaction volume last year.

Spanish users received "Double 11" to buy Chinese electric razors.

Last month, on Douyin International TikTok, Russian Internet celebrity Regsem, who has 4 million fans, excitedly posted the Bluetooth speaker from China that she received in just 10 days. Behind this consumer experience that surpasses foreigners’ expectations is the cost reduction and acceleration brought by China’s cross-border logistics to accelerate overseas layout.

Russian Internet celebrity RegsemOn Douyin International TikTokShe posted the Bluetooth speaker she received from China.

It is reported that in recent years, express delivery companies such as Zhongtong, Yuantong, Yunda, as well as cross-border supply chain solution providers such as Cainiao and Newegg have rushed to build warehouses along the "Belt and Road Initiative". According to the data of the Ministry of Commerce, there are currently nearly 2,000 overseas warehouses for cross-border e-commerce in our country, covering an area of 12 million square meters. For example, Zhongtong has built 40 overseas warehouses and 17 cross-border advantageous lines, achieving global business. For example, the cross-border logistics of the AliExpress platform is guaranteed by Cainiao. At present, European consumers can buy a Chinese-made thermos cup on AliExpress and choose the "5 US dollars 10 days delivery" service. Such freight and timeliness are even cheaper and faster than in Europe and the United States.

On November 8, local time, Cainiao officially put into use the eWTP Hub in Liege, Belgium, the largest smart logistics hub in Europe.

Overseas warehouses of Chinese logistics companies.

At present, our country has established bilateral e-commerce cooperation mechanisms with 22 countries on five continents, and "Silk Road E-commerce" is becoming a new engine of international economic and trade cooperation in the construction of the "Belt and Road Initiative". In this process, the efficiency and cost advantages of China’s cross-border supply chain are highlighted, and the gap between Chinese logistics companies and the three giants of international express delivery is also expected to be rapidly narrowed by the construction of "Silk Road E-commerce".

The "common fault" of abnormal sound of BYD Qin engine needs to be diagnosed and treated

China Consumer News reported (Su Bingjie, reporter Geng Ji ‘an): "Since I bought this BYD Qin hybrid car, there have been constant problems, and I went to the 4S shop for repair at two ends every three days." Recently, Mr. Ren, a consumer in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, told the reporter of China Consumer News that more than a dozen BYD car owners had the same experience. What kind of problem is it that makes car owners so upset? The reporter of China Consumer News launched an investigation.

It’s annoying to buy a new car

Mr. Ren told reporters that at the end of April 2016, he went to Shenzhen and bought BYD Qin 2014 (BYD7150WTHEV2) hybrid car that he had been paying attention to for a long time at Shenzhen Jinhuanyi 4S store. When the pure electric mileage reached more than 3,000 kilometers, Mr. Ren found that his car had a "disease"-when the throttle was increased, the engine would have an abnormal sound. The staff of the 4S shop told Mr. Ren that if the engine needs to be replaced for renovation, the bearings should also be replaced. Because the abnormal noise was not very loud at that time, Mr. Ren gave up the idea of maintenance.

The good times didn’t last long. In October 2016, Mr. Ren’s car "relapsed" and it was more serious than before. Mr. Ren told the reporter that in pure electric mode, when the vehicle speed is kept at about 30 km/h, the vehicle with the accelerator pedal will be "frustrated", and at the same time, the engine compartment will make an abnormal noise. With the increase of driving mileage, the "frustrated" and abnormal noise will become louder and louder. Mr. Ren sent the car to BYD authorized service shop for testing, and the result was that there was something wrong with the motor transmission assembly. After replacing the transmission sub-assembly, when the mileage of the car increased by more than 3000 kilometers in pure electric mode, "frustration" and abnormal sound appeared again.

What bothers Mr. Ren is that the old car disease has not been treated and new diseases have been added. With the increase of mileage, Mr. Ren found that when the vehicle is fully charged, it can only last for more than 40 kilometers in pure electric mode. "When I bought a car, BYD claimed that it could charge 13 kWh. However, the new car can only charge 10-11 kWh when it is fully charged, and it can only charge 8-9 kWh when it is used for less than two years. BYD claims that in pure electric mode, the cruising range of the vehicle under comprehensive working conditions can reach 70 kilometers, and now it can only travel for more than 40 kilometers. " Mr. Ren told reporters.

Complaints are not a case.

According to the investigation by the reporter of China Consumer News, there are 11 car owners who can get in touch with Mr. Ren in a similar situation. They all bought BYD Qin’s 2014 1.5T flagship version, and the vehicles all had different degrees of "frustration" and abnormal noise. The problem still exists after four car owners have changed the transmission. Six people reported that the vehicle’s full battery life was less than 45 kilometers.

Mr. Zhang, the owner of Sanmenxia City, told the reporter that in less than three years, he has replaced two transmissions, and the problem remains unsolved.

Mr. Ren said that many owners of BYD Qin all over the country have reported such problems in their vehicles, and even more vehicles lost power due to transmission failure during driving, which was bad on the road.

According to official public information of BYD, the charging capacity of Ferrous lithium phosphate power battery used by BYD Qin is 13kw/h, 90% of the system uses pure electric mode in hybrid mode, and the driving mileage under comprehensive working conditions can reach 70km.

In response to the problems reflected by consumers, the reporter of China Consumer News called BYD’s official customer service number for consultation. BYD staff said that the battery capacity drop and abnormal noise are technical problems and need to be tested at local authorized stores. For the case that the vehicle has a battery life of less than 70km in pure electric mode, the staff said that the battery life of 70km in pure electric mode is the test data under comprehensive working conditions, and the specific battery life has a certain relationship with the road conditions, climate conditions, driving conditions, temperature, load, electrical appliance use, etc. It is suggested that the owner contact the authorized point designated by the manufacturer and said that this situation will be fed back to the relevant departments of the company.

Mr. Ren told the reporter that after discovering that there was a problem with the vehicle, he had a BYD authorized service shop for testing, and the results showed that it was normal. The tester explained that the abnormal noise might be caused by driving habits. "If only one person has this problem, it can be explained in this way, but is it because of driving habits that more than a dozen people have the same problem? I can’t accept this explanation. I have contacted 4S stores and manufacturers many times, but I have never been able to get a reasonable explanation. " Mr. Ren said.

● Expert opinion

Suspected of false propaganda

On April 13th, Zhao Jiqiang, secretary general of Henan Automobile Industry Chamber of Commerce, told reporters that the development of new energy vehicles is still in its infancy, the technical level is still restricted, and the industry standards are not standardized and unified. The technology of battery industry is still in the stage of civilian development. At present, the detection of battery capacity used in automobiles is not standardized. There are differences between real electricity and virtual electricity in batteries, and there will be errors between conversion. BYD, as an automobile manufacturer that independently develops batteries, has its own battery testing institutions and standards. As for whether BYD’s battery capacity has a false standard, it can only be known by testing the battery capacity by the authoritative testing organization of the state. However, from the time when the vehicle can charge 13 kWh to the later 8-9 kWh, it shows that the melting capacity of the battery has changed when charging, and there may be problems with the quality of the battery, which will affect the endurance of the car to a certain extent.

Ge Rui, a lawyer of Henan Haoying Law Firm, believes that if the problems reflected by the car owners are true after being tested by the appraisal agency, then BYD’s publicity will violate Article 9 of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law. "Operators shall not use advertisements or other methods to make misleading false propaganda on the quality, ingredients, performance, use, producer, expiration date and place of origin of the goods, and advertising operators shall not represent, design, produce and publish false advertisements under the circumstances of knowing or should know. If the owner can collect the evidence of fraudulent propaganda of BYD manufacturers, he can ask the merchants to "return one and lose three" according to the provisions of the Consumer Protection Law.

Li Hansheng, director of the Complaints Department of Henan Consumers Association, said in an interview with China Consumer News that Henan Consumers Association has received 12 complaints about abnormal sound of BYD Qin series vehicles, and manufacturers should consider recalling defective cars and eliminating the defects of automobile products through measures such as repair, replacement and return. At present, Henan Consumers Association has communicated and discussed with BYD Henan institutions for many times, instructing Yadi manufacturers to work out detailed solutions to the problem of abnormal sound that consumers have concentrated on.

China Consumer News will continue to pay attention to the progress of the incident. (Geng Ji ‘an)

Interpretation of Financial Credit Research The Sixth Financial Work Conference: Promoting High-quality Financial Development and Serving Chinese Modernization

Source:Wencaixin research institute

Wencaixin research institute

Macro team (Wu Chaoming, Hu Wenyan, Li Mo), financial team (Liu Xiaoting, Li Fei)

Core view

I. Review of the first five meetings: from rectifying financial order to preventing and controlling financial risks.The national financial work conference is the highest-level conference in the financial field, which has important guiding significance for the development of the financial industry in the next stage. Looking back at the first five meetings, the tone and emphasis of the meeting are different under different economic environments. From the perspective of development, the first key word is "rebirth", which mainly solves the problem of high non-performing rate in the banking industry and unloads the historical burden; The second key word is "upgrade", which enhances the competitiveness by speeding up the share reform and listing of state-owned banks and responds to financial opening; The third key word is "leak detection", marked by the listing of Agricultural Bank of China, and the share reform of the four major banks has been completed; The fourth key word is "innovation", and the shadow banking system has developed rapidly, opening a wave of financial liberalization; The fifth key word is "strong supervision", which blocks the loopholes in supervision and resolves the risks of shadow banking. The key word of this meeting is "high quality development".

Second, the background of the sixth meeting: external turmoil and change, domestic transformation and upgrading. First, from the external environment,The world has entered a new period of turbulence and change, and the global economic recovery is weak. High inflation, high interest rates and high debt have increased financial fragility, while the risk of geo-economic fragmentation has intensified.Second, from the domestic environment,China is in a critical period of economic recovery and industrial upgrading. The weakening of traditional kinetic energy leads to increasing pressure for steady growth. It will take time for new kinetic energy to grow and develop, and it is necessary to promote economic growth to return to potential growth rate to prevent short-term demand shortage from turning into long-term contradiction after the epidemic.Third, from the perspective of domestic risks,At present and in the future, the risks of local government debt, real estate and small and medium-sized banks in China need to be resolved urgently to avoid mutual infection and keep the bottom line of systemic risks.Fourth, high-quality development has become a long-term strategy to actively respond to environmental changes at home and abroad and enhance development initiative.

Third, the main points of the sixth meeting: high-quality financial development serves Chinese modernization.

(1) Orientation and goal: to promote high-quality financial development and accelerate the construction of a financial power.The primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way is high-quality development. Because finance is the blood of the national economy, high-quality economic development cannot be separated from high-quality financial services. This meeting set the goal of high-quality financial development as "accelerating the construction of a financial power", which was put forward for the first time in history, highlighting the importance of high-quality financial development in the process of modernization in the future.

(II) Priority 1: Providing high-quality financial services. First, in terms of monetary policy,It is expected that in the next few years, we will maintain a stable overall tone, and at the same time grasp the new characteristics that the peak of traditional credit demand such as real estate has passed, and structurally "break slowly and establish quickly" to meet the reasonable financing needs of old fields and accelerate the cultivation of new credit demand points.Second, in terms of capital supply,Give full play to the positive role of structural monetary policy and multi-level capital market, constantly optimize the financing structure and capital investment, and do five major articles on technology and finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance and digital finance.Third, in terms of stock resources,Accelerate the revitalization of the stock financial resources occupied by the government and state-owned departments, invest more stock funds in new kinetic energy areas, and improve the efficiency of capital use.Fourth, in terms of financing structure,Give full play to the function of the capital market hub and increase the proportion of direct financing.Fifth, in terms of financial openness,Pay equal attention to both "bringing in" and "going out", increase institutional opening in the financial sector, strengthen and consolidate the status of Shanghai and international finance centre, and accelerate the internationalization of RMB.

(3) Work focus 2: Strengthen supervision and reduce risks.In terms of strong supervision,Under the new regulatory pattern, future functional supervision, behavioral supervision and coordinated supervision between the central and local governments are expected to be strengthened.In terms of risks of small and medium-sized institutions,This time, "timely handling risks of small and medium-sized financial institutions" is highlighted, and it is expected that the follow-up disposal process will be accelerated.In terms of local government debt risk,Focus on establishing a long-term mechanism for debt conversion, continue to resolve local debt risks in the short term, accelerate the reform of institutional mechanisms in the medium and long term, and clarify the relationship between the government and the market, and the central and local governments; At the same time, establish a government debt management mechanism that is compatible with high-quality development, standardize the relationship between borrowing and development, and give consideration to debt conversion and high-quality goals; In the future, the central government’s leverage is expected to become a new starting point and new feature of the proactive fiscal policy.In terms of real estate risks,Emphasis is placed on promoting a virtuous circle between finance and real estate. It is expected that improving the supervision system of real estate enterprises at the regulatory end will help curb the risk spread of real estate enterprises in the short term, and the macro-prudential management direction of real estate may turn to "moderate support" in the future; The reasonable financing needs of private housing enterprises on the supply side are expected to be met; Restrictive policies in demand-side core cities are expected to be further liberalized, and at the same time, finance and finance will work together to promote the construction of the "three major projects" to be significantly accelerated.In terms of financial market risks,Domestic stock market, bond market, foreign exchange market and the probability of mutual contagion of monetary policy spillover effect and market fluctuation risk in major overseas economies increase, so it is necessary to prevent cross-regional, cross-market and cross-border transmission resonance of risks and ensure the stable operation of financial markets.

Fourth,Industry influence: localization and specialization are the ways to break the situation for small and medium-sized institutions. In terms of industry comparison,Since the Fifth National Financial Work Conference, the banking industry has been faster than the insurance industry and the securities industry in terms of net assets growth by virtue of its high leverage advantage. However, looking forward to the future, the development of the banking industry may be limited by the need to "broaden the channels for replenishing capital", while the development of the insurance industry can supplement internal capital by optimizing its business structure without resorting to external capital, and the securities industry will benefit from policies such as "giving full play to the hub function of the capital market". It is expected that the development of the insurance industry and the securities industry will be marginal in the future.In terms of industry structure,The Matthew effect of the strong will be intensified, and small and medium-sized financial institutions should be based on localization and characteristic strategies to break the game;In terms of business priorities,The "five great articles" have made clear the directional guidance for the next stage of financial exhibition industry;In terms of regulatory orientation,Under the situation of strong supervision and strict supervision, financial institutions need to improve the level of compliance risk management and firmly take the road of returning to the source.

main body

Event:The Central Financial Work Conference was held in Beijing from October 30 to 31, summarizing the financial work since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, analyzing the situation faced by high-quality financial development, and deploying the financial work at present and in the future.

I. Review of the first five meetings: from rectifying financial order to preventing and controlling financial risks.

The national financial work conference is the highest-level conference in the financial field, usually once every five years, and has been held five times since the first meeting in 1997. While summing up the achievements of financial work in the past, the meeting will provide guidance for major financial policies and financial reforms in the next stage, which is of great guiding significance for the development of the financial industry in the next five years. Looking back at the first five meetings, due to the different internal and external environments, the general tone of the meetings is also different, but they are basically centered on three themes: financial supervision reform, financial system reform and prevention of financial risks (see Table 1).

Specifically, the relevant background and key contents of the first five financial work conferences:

(1) The first time (November 1997): rectifying financial order and resolving financial risks are the core.

Internal and external pressures are intertwined, and it is extremely urgent to resolve financial hidden dangers.In terms of external environment, 1997 coincided with the outbreak of the Asian financial crisis, and the financial systems of some Asian countries suffered severe shocks. Whether China’s financial system can withstand external shocks has become the focus of global attention. In terms of internal environment, the non-performing loan ratio of state-owned banks is high, and their ability to resist risks is weak. In addition, the problems such as weak financial supervision and chaotic financial order at that time are outstanding. In this context, the first national financial work conference was held in November 1997, with the theme of rectifying financial order and resolving financial risks, and proposed to "strive to establish a suitable financial institution and supervision system in about three years".

Around the two main lines of financial supervision and state-owned bank reform.In terms of financial supervision, the central government accelerated institutional reform after the meeting, and established the Central Financial Working Committee in 1998 to strengthen the party’s vertical leadership over financial institutions; The People’s Bank of China abolished the original provincial branches and changed them into nine regional branches to enhance the independence of the central bank’s monetary policy and supervision; The Securities Regulatory Commission and the China Insurance Regulatory Commission shall be established to be responsible for the supervision of the securities industry and the insurance industry respectively, while the People’s Bank of China shall be responsible for the supervision of the banking industry and the trust industry, and strengthen the separate supervision. The reform of state-owned banks focuses on removing bad debts. On the one hand, it draws lessons from international experience and establishes four AMCs to receive the non-performing assets stripped by state-owned banks; On the other hand, the central government issued 270 billion special treasury bonds to supplement the capital of state-owned banks. In addition, state-owned banks have also accelerated the pace of commercialization, canceled the control of their loan limits, and implemented asset-liability ratio management and risk management.

(2) The second time (February 2002): Strengthening financial supervision and promoting the reform of state-owned banks are the key points.

It is imperative to enhance the competitiveness of the financial industry after China’s entry into WTO.In December 2001, China formally joined the World Trade Organization (WTO). For the financial industry, opportunities and challenges coexist. Although China financial institutions have the opportunity to strengthen cooperation with international financial institutions in the process of opening to the outside world, the pressure of "promising to fully open the financial services industry in stages in the next five years" forces China financial institutions to enhance their competitiveness as soon as possible. Under this background, the second national financial work conference was held in February, 2002. The conference was set as "strengthening financial supervision and promoting the reform of state-owned banks", emphasizing that "strengthening supervision is the top priority of financial work" and proposing that "banks must be turned into modern financial enterprises".

Continuing the direction of the first meeting, improving financial supervision and accelerating the reform of state-owned banks are still the main lines.In terms of financial supervision, in 2003, the Central Financial Working Committee was abolished and the China Banking Regulatory Commission was established, and the separate supervision framework of "one line, three meetings" in China was initially formed. At the same time, the reform process of the state-owned bank has been accelerated, and a leading group for the reform of the state-owned bank has been established to make overall arrangements for the reform plan; Central Huijin Company was established in 2003 to inject capital into state-owned banks and create conditions for share reform and listing; In 2005-2006, Bank of Communications, China Construction Bank, Bank of China and ICBC successively completed share reform and listing. In addition, the reform of rural credit cooperatives began, and some provinces and cities actively piloted it under the policy of adapting to local conditions and classifying guidance.

(C) The third time (January 2007): comprehensively deepening financial reform is the keynote.

The internal and external environment is relatively friendly, and the necessity of "checking and filling gaps" is strengthened.Compared with the previous two meetings, the internal and external environment of the third meeting is relatively friendly. Externally, the global economy is in an overheated period, and the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States has not yet erupted. Internally, China’s economy is in a period of rapid growth, and the financial industry is growing rapidly. However, there are still many problems in the financial field, such as the imperfect financial system and unreasonable financial structure. Therefore, the third financial work conference was set to "push the financial reform and development to a new stage and comprehensively deepen the financial reform", with the focus on "checking leaks and filling gaps" to further improve the financial reform.

Continuing to deepen the reform of financial institutions and building a financial market system are the main lines.After the second meeting, only the Agricultural Bank of China (ABC) of the four major banks has not completed the share reform. This meeting gave the final answer to the share reform model of ABC and promoted the listing of ABC in 2010. Policy banks promote reform in accordance with the principle of "one line, one policy", first of all, open the commercial operation of CDB; The construction of rural financial system was accelerated, and microfinance organizations were cultivated. In terms of financial system construction, under the guidance of "vigorously developing the capital market", the establishment of the Growth Enterprise Market in 2009 opened the first step in the construction of a multi-level capital market system; At the same time, the bond market has achieved rapid development, and the variety of bonds has expanded, and winning the bid, short-term financing and corporate bonds have emerged as the times require. In addition, in the face of the rapidly rising foreign exchange reserves, CIC was established in September 2007, specializing in the investment management of foreign exchange reserves.

(IV) The fourth time (January 2012): Emphasis was placed on the coordination of innovation and supervision to start the process of financial liberalization.

First, it proposes to resolve local debts and emphasizes the requirements of financial service entities.After the introduction of the "4 trillion" stimulus plan, hidden risks were left behind, and local debt problems began to arise. After the global financial crisis, the phenomenon of loose liquidity and the withdrawal of funds from reality to emptiness gradually appeared. In this context, the fourth meeting was held in January, 2012. For the first time, financial services to the real economy were discussed more, emphasizing the need to "adhere to the essential requirements of financial services to the real economy", effectively solving the problems of financing difficulties and expensive financing in the real economy, and resolutely curbing the social capital from reality to reality. At the same time, it first mentioned the resolution of local debts, focusing on "properly handling existing debts". Since 2014, the budget management of local governments has been gradually standardized. In 2015, with the implementation of the new budget law, local governments opened the bond swap to replace the existing debts in the form of non-government bonds by issuing local bonds.

But the financial industry as a whole is still in a good development environment.Under the guidance of "adhering to the reform orientation of market allocation of financial resources" and "adhering to the development concept of coordinating innovation and supervision", financial supervision, financial system and financial system have been further deepened and improved. In terms of financial supervision, a macro-prudential evaluation system was initially established, and a regulatory framework for systemically important financial institutions was constructed. In terms of financial system, the central bank improved the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism, promoted the interest rate marketization reform, and formally introduced the deposit insurance system. In terms of financial system, under the keynote of "encouraging, guiding and regulating private capital to enter the field of financial services", the first batch of five private banks began to pilot in 2014, and private capital began to show its strength; At the same time, under the concept of supporting financial innovation, starting from the 2012 Securities Innovation Conference, China started a round of financial liberalization. On the one hand, the mixed operation of licensed institutions, mainly banks, securities, insurance and trusts, has intensified, and the shadow banking system has expanded rapidly; On the other hand, the development of Internet technology has promoted the emergence of new Internet finance formats such as third-party payment, P2P and Internet financing, which further boosted the expansion of the financial system.

(V) The fifth time (July 2017): The importance of risk prevention has been strengthened and it has entered the era of strong supervision.

With the change of macro and financial environment, the importance of risk prevention and strict supervision has been strengthened.Compared with previous meetings, the macro and financial environment faced by the fifth meeting has changed greatly. China’s economy is in the period of increasing speed and shifting gears, and the supply-side reform of "de-capacity, de-inventory and de-leverage" has been steadily promoted, and the economy has gradually entered the "new normal" from "high growth". After several years of rapid expansion, the financial industry has accumulated certain risks, the problem of "shadow banking" has become increasingly prominent, and the contradiction between financial innovation and financial supervision has become prominent. In this context, the fifth meeting was set as "serving the real economy, preventing and controlling financial risks, and deepening financial reform", emphasizing "returning to the origin" and "strengthening supervision", which opened an era of strong supervision and strict supervision of the financial industry.

Filling the short board of supervision and resolving financial risks are the main tasks.In view of the loopholes in separate supervision in financial innovation, the meeting clearly stated that "it is necessary to strengthen the coordination of financial supervision and fill the shortcomings of supervision". After the meeting, the Financial Stability and Development Committee was established, the Bank and the China Insurance Regulatory Commission were merged, and the former local government coordination agency was upgraded to a substantive regulatory agency (local financial supervision bureau), forming a new financial supervision pattern of "one committee, one line, two meetings+local supervision bureau". In view of the increased risks in the shadow banking system, new regulations on asset management were issued in April 2018, which unified the regulatory standards for asset management products and eliminated regulatory arbitrage. At the same time, the shadow banking risks were dismantled by means of breaking the rigid exchange, prohibiting mismatches, removing nesting and deleveraging.

Serving the real economy emphasizes the development of direct financing.After the indirect financing in the early stage was vigorously developed, the meeting clearly put "developing direct financing in an important position" and proposed to form a multi-level capital market system with complete financing functions and solid basic systems. After the meeting, the capital market reform was obviously accelerated. In November 2018, science and technology innovation board established and piloted a registration system; In September 2021, the North Exchange was established, and direct financing showed an accelerated development trend.

To sum up, from the perspective of development, the first key word is "rebirth", which mainly solves the problem of high non-performing rate in the banking industry and unloads the historical burden; The second key word is "upgrade", which enhances the competitiveness by speeding up the share reform and listing of state-owned banks and responds to financial opening; The third key word is "leak detection", marked by the listing of Agricultural Bank of China, and the share reform of the four major banks has been completed; The fourth key word is "innovation", and the shadow banking system has developed rapidly, opening a wave of financial liberalization; The fifth key word is "strong supervision", which blocks the loopholes in supervision and resolves the risks of shadow banking.

Second, the background of the sixth meeting: external turmoil and change, domestic transformation and upgrading

The great changes in the world in the past century have accelerated the evolution. The changes in the world, the times and the history are unfolding in an unprecedented way. China is in the critical period of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. High-quality development has become a long-term strategy to actively respond to environmental changes at home and abroad and enhance development initiative. It is urgent for the financial system to make corresponding adaptive adjustments, so as to help the great cause of national rejuvenation and the goal of high-quality economic development with high-quality financial development. The Sixth Central Financial Work Conference is an important meeting held under this background.

(A) From the external environment, the world has entered a new period of turbulence and change.

First, the epidemic in the century has a far-reaching impact and the recovery of the world economy is weak.According to the data of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the global GDP grew by an average of 2.3% in 2020-2022 after the epidemic, and it is expected to increase by 3.0% and 2.9% in 2023 and 2024 respectively, which are far lower than the average annual growth rate of 3.8% in the past 20 years (2000-2019), and the global economic momentum is weakening (see Figure 1).

Second, high inflation, high interest rates and high debt have greatly increased global financial fragility.Affected by frequent geopolitical conflicts, anti-globalization, aging, slowing technological progress and other medium and long-term factors, it is inevitable that the global inflation center will rise, and the duration of high interest rates may exceed expectations. The superimposed world is at the peak of the fourth debt wave, and the risk of global debt default has increased significantly, and the risk of financial market turmoil has intensified.

Third, the risk of geo-economic fragmentation has intensified. On the one hand,With the profound adjustment of the international power balance of "East Rising and West Falling", the United States is vigorously promoting the world political camp, "weaponizing" chips, high-tech, swift financial institutions, and splitting the world’s market-based industrial chain and supply chain through extreme pressure methods such as decoupling and chain breaking, which in turn leads to an increase in the operating cost of the world economy and a decline in efficiency, dragging down global trade and economic growth.On the other hand,In the face of intensified competition among big countries, the global governance deficit has increased significantly, and international chaos has emerged one after another. The Russian-Ukrainian war, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and other local turmoil have frequently occurred, and the stability of global food, energy and other important resources has declined, further aggravating the turmoil in the global environment.

(B) From the domestic environment, China is in a critical period of economic recovery and industrial upgrading.

First, the traditional kinetic energy is weakening, and the pressure of steady growth is increasing.At present and in the future, China’s economic development is faced with hard constraints such as aging population structure, increasing resource and environment constraints, high macro leverage ratio and slowing urbanization pace. Traditional growth kinetic energy such as real estate and infrastructure, which are highly dependent on labor, capital, land and other factors, may have downward pressure. Under the background of rapid development of new kinetic energy but limited volume, the pressure of steady growth is increasing.

Second, the economic recovery after the epidemic is lower than the potential level, and the short-term demand shortage may evolve into a long-term contradiction.2023 is the first year for China to start economic recovery after three years of epidemic impact. It is estimated that GDP will increase by about 5.3% year-on-year. Since the growth rate was only 3.0% last year, the average growth rate in two years is about 4.1% after deducting the influence of low base, which is still below the potential growth rate. Among them, the unstable expectation and lack of confidence of micro-subjects lead to insufficient domestic demand. At present, it is necessary to prevent weak expectations from leading to weak effects, further strengthen the formation of negative feedback cycle of weak expectations, avoid the problem of short-term insufficient demand for a long time, and maintain sustained and stable macroeconomic growth, which is the key to break the above cycle.

Third, the new kinetic energy faces the double constraints of decoupling and breaking the chain and the weak independent innovation ability, and it will take time to cultivate and grow.In terms of stock, the added value of China’s "three new" economies (new industries, new formats and new business models) has been increasing in recent years, reaching 17.4% in 2022 (see Figure 2), but the absolute scale of new kinetic energy is still low, and it is difficult to make up for the impact brought by the decline of traditional kinetic energy in the short term. From the incremental point of view, in the face of external technology suppression and containment, it may be upgraded at any time. Under the condition that China’s independent innovation ability is not strong, it is difficult to cultivate and grow new kinetic energy overnight, which takes time and trial and error process.

(C) From the perspective of domestic risks, China’s financial risks are still in a period of high incidence.

First, the local government debt risk needs to be resolved urgently.According to estimates, at the end of 2022, the scale of generalized local government debt, including interest-bearing debt of financing platform, reached about 90 trillion yuan, accounting for 318% of local comprehensive financial resources, which was significantly higher than the international warning of 120% (see Figure 3), and the local government debt burden was obviously biased. At the same time, due to the economic downturn, the downturn in the real estate market, and the peak of debt maturity, the pressure on local government debt repayment has increased, and it is necessary to localize debt.

Second, the pressure on real estate risk resolution has increased.Real estate has great influence on economic growth, employment, fiscal revenue, residents’ wealth and financial stability. In the first three quarters of 2023, the domestic real estate sales area decreased by nearly 40% compared with the high point in the same period. The continuous downturn in the real estate market led to the three cash flow channels of real estate enterprises-sales repayment, advance payment by upstream and downstream construction enterprises and corporate financing-being in a tense or even broken state (see Figure 4). The default risk of real estate enterprises may be further exposed, and it is easy to transform into financial risk and financial institution risk, so it is necessary to keep the bottom line of systemic risk.

Third, the hidden risks of small and medium-sized financial institutions have increased.On the one hand, under the background that the downward pressure of macro-economy still exists, the default risk of housing enterprises increases, and the debt repayment burden of urban investment increases, small and medium-sized financial institutions are limited by their business areas and their own business positioning, and the risk of asset quality deterioration increases. On the other hand, due to factors such as the sinking of state-owned big banks’ business and the sharp narrowing of banks’ net interest margin, the hematopoietic capacity of small and medium-sized banks has declined, and their ability to digest the losses of non-performing assets through profits has weakened.

(D) Finance urgently needs to achieve high-quality development and provide assistance for high-quality economic development.

In the face of profound changes in the domestic and international environment, it is necessary to unswervingly promote high-quality development in order to win the advantage and initiative in the future competition and realize the goal of building a socialist modern power in an all-round way. The construction of an economic power can not be separated from the support and assistance of a financial power, and it needs the high-quality development of finance. However, at present, various contradictions and problems in the domestic financial field are intertwined and affect each other, which are mainly reflected in four aspects: first, there are still many hidden dangers in economic and financial risks; second, the quality and efficiency of financial services to the real economy are not high; third, financial chaos and corruption have been repeatedly banned; and fourth, the ability of financial supervision and governance is weak. Therefore, this meeting closely followed the four major issues and formulated prescriptions for high-quality financial development, with three paths of "strengthening the overall unified leadership of the party, providing high-quality financial services, comprehensively strengthening financial supervision and preventing and resolving financial risks" to help build a strong country and rejuvenate the nation.

Third, the main points of the sixth meeting: high-quality financial development serves Chinese modernization

(1) Orientation and goal: to promote high-quality financial development and accelerate the construction of a financial power.

The primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way is high-quality development, and "finance is the blood of the national economy and an important part of the country’s core competitiveness", so the high-quality development of the economy is naturally inseparable from the high-quality service of finance. However, at present, the quality and efficiency of financial services to the real economy in China are not high, so "promoting the high-quality development of China’s finance" has naturally become a new task and mission on the new journey of "building a strong country and rejuvenating the nation" in the new era. “"High-quality financial development" not only became the key word of the Sixth Central Financial Work Conference, but also provided accurate and forward-looking positioning for future financial work.

High-quality economic development can not be separated from high-quality financial services. Similarly, a modern power can not be separated from the support and assistance of financial powers. This meeting put forward the goal of "accelerating the construction of a financial power" for the first time in history, highlighting the importance and status of finance in the process of modernization. In order to achieve the goal of becoming a financial power, the meeting made clear and definite arrangements for the current and future financial work: First, adhere to and strengthen the overall leadership of the Party; The second is to promote high-quality financial development as the theme; The third is to deepen the structural reform of the financial supply side; Fourth, it is supported by the purity, professionalism and combat effectiveness of the financial team; Fifth, focus on comprehensively strengthening supervision and preventing and resolving risks.

(2) Priority 1: Providing high-quality financial services.

1. Monetary policy: always keep steady and grasp the new characteristics of credit supply and demand.

To provide high-quality financial services, we must first "create a good monetary and financial environment". According to the contents of the meeting, at present and in the future, the key to monetary policy should grasp the following two points:

First, in terms of general tone, monetary policy will remain stable in the next few years, showing the characteristics of "stable quantity and falling price".The meeting clearly put forward that "the stability of monetary policy should always be maintained", indicating that the probability of monetary policy will not fluctuate greatly in the next few years, and the focus is on providing a suitable monetary and financial environment for stable economic growth and transformation and upgrading. In the context of economic restructuring and structural contradictions, monetary policy should not only meet the effective financing needs of the real economy, but also avoid excessive easing, increase financial risks, solidify structural distortions, and hinder the process of transformation and upgrading. Specifically, in terms of quantity, it is expected that liquidity will continue to be reasonable and abundant, and the growth rate of money supply and social financing scale will basically match the nominal economic growth rate; In terms of price, in the face of the macro-environment of increasing economic growth pressure, the meeting clearly put forward that "the financing cost will continue to decline", which means that there is still room for lowering the policy interest rate in the future, which will drive the central level of loan interest rate and deposit interest rate to continue to decline (see Figure 5).

Second, in terms of structural adjustment, we should adhere to the principle of "breaking slowly and establishing quickly" and grasp the new characteristics of weakening demand for traditional credit such as real estate.With the marginal slowdown of urbanization process and the evolution of the long-term trend of real estate, the most prominent feature of domestic credit supply and demand at present is that the demand for traditional loans such as infrastructure and real estate, which used to be large in magnitude, tends to weaken, while the volume of new kinetic energy loans is relatively small, which makes it difficult to make up for the shortage of total credit demand. Therefore, the meeting proposed "accurately grasp the law and new characteristics of supply and demand of money and credit, and strengthen the dual adjustment of total money supply and structure". It is expected that in the future, the money supply will grasp the new characteristics of the changes in credit demand of traditional kinetic energy and new kinetic energy, and adhere to the principle of "breaking simultaneously and breaking quickly". On the one hand, it will meet the reasonable financing demand of traditional kinetic energy and avoid its rapid decline (see Figure 6), which will affect the stability of total credit and economic growth; On the other hand, we should seize the favorable time window and make rational use of structural monetary policy tools to guide more resources into major strategies, key areas and weak links, and promote the cultivation and growth of new kinetic energy.

2. Fund supply: Optimize the investment of funds and make five major articles.

In order to improve the quality and efficiency of financial services to the real economy and promote high-quality economic development, the meeting repeatedly emphasized the investment of funds, and made it clear that five major articles on technology and finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance and digital finance should be done well. To this, there are two understandings:

First, the five major articles are consistent with the logic and direction of high-quality economic development.The meeting put forward five major articles on "Optimizing the structure of capital supply", "Doing a good job in technology and finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance and digital finance", which are consistent with the connotation requirements of "innovation is the first driving force, coordination is the endogenous feature, green is the universal form, openness is the only way, and sharing is the fundamental purpose" for high-quality economic development, reflecting that the inclination of financial resources to high-quality development areas is the proper meaning of high-quality financial development.

Second, it is necessary to play the positive role of structural monetary policy and multi-level capital market to do five major articles well. On the one hand,At present, China’s financial supply is still dominated by bank credit. It is necessary to give full play to the role of "precise drip irrigation" as a structural monetary policy tool, guide more funds to flow to five high-quality development areas, and continuously optimize the credit structure. Therefore, the meeting put forward a "toolbox for enriching monetary policy", and it is expected that the structural monetary policy will increase or decrease, focusing on the rational and moderate use of key areas.On the other hand,Direct financing is more suitable for the financing needs in the field of new kinetic energy. International experience shows that economies dominated by direct financing can often seize the opportunity in the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure, and the transformation process is more smooth and smooth. Therefore, it is inseparable from the vigorous development of multi-level capital market construction and direct financing to do five major articles well. It is expected that the financial business focusing on five major articles is expected to usher in rapid growth (see Figure 6), especially in the fields of pension and digital finance, which were less emphasized before, and financial institutions will increase their business layout in these fields.

3. Stock resources: accelerate the revitalization of financial resources that are occupied inefficiently, and promote increment by stock.

For the first time, the meeting specifically proposed "revitalizing the financial resources occupied by inefficiency and improving the efficiency of capital use", reflecting that optimizing the capital supply structure should not only make efforts to guide the investment of incremental funds, but also vigorously revitalize the stock financial resources occupied by inefficiency to expand effective investment in new kinetic energy fields.

There are two directions: First, there are a large number of "sleeping assets" in government departments, which need to be revitalized urgently to improve the efficiency of capital use.By the end of September 2023, the balance of government deposits (fiscal deposits and institutional group deposits) was as high as 41.3 trillion yuan, accounting for about 61% of the total government debt balance (see Figure 7), indicating that the stock assets of government departments are seriously silted up and a large number of financial resources are inefficiently occupied.Second, the state-owned sector occupies more financial resources, crowding out the private sector, which needs to be optimized and adjusted urgently.According to the data of the General Administration of Financial Supervision and Management and Wonder, the loan balance of private enterprises accounted for about 43.5% of the loan balance of enterprises (institutions) at the end of September 2022 (see Figure 8), while the bond financing balance of private enterprises still accounted for less than 10% of the bond financing balance of non-financial enterprises, both of which were significantly lower than the contribution rate of private economy to GDP of more than 60%, indicating that the financial resources occupied by state-owned enterprises were far greater than their contribution to economic and social development, and the efficiency of fund use was low. It is expected that in the future, the inefficient assets of the government and the state-owned sector are expected to accelerate the revitalization, guide more funds to flow to efficient sectors such as private enterprises and high-tech emerging industries, and cultivate new kinetic energy.

4. Financing structure: Give full play to the function of capital market hub and cultivate first-class investment banks and institutions.

Since the Fifth National Financial Work Conference put forward that "the development of direct financing should be placed in an important position", the proportion of direct financing in the stock of social financing has continued to increase. However, since 2022, the proportion of direct financing has not decreased due to the continuous increase of corporate bond financing (see Figure 9), and it is still low compared with the recognized "financial power"-the United States, which is dominated by direct financing. Therefore, this central financial work conference proposed "optimizing the financing structure, giving full play to the function of the capital market hub" and increasing the proportion of direct financing. To this end, the meeting put forward two important measures:

First, "give full play to the function of the capital market hub" and build an active capital market.On July 24th, Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party made it clear that "the capital market should be activated to boost investors’ confidence", and the regulatory authorities issued a package of policies and measures from the trading side, investment side and financing side (see Table 2). In order to play the role of the capital market hub, optimize the financing structure and increase the proportion of direct financing, it is expected that in the future, the regulatory authorities will also promote the opening of pain points, vigorously promote the reform of the investment side, attract medium and long-term funds to enter the market, and guide various funds such as social security, insurance and annuity to allocate A shares.

The second is to cultivate "first-class investment banks and institutions" and build a financial power.First-class investment banks and institutions have global distribution and influence, and have strong pricing power over global financial assets and commodities, so they are also one of the important symbols of "financial power". At present, there is still a big gap between China’s head investment banks and investment institutions and internationally recognized "first-class investment banks and investment institutions" (see Figure 10-11), such as the obviously low scale of revenue and net profit. In order to be a better and stronger head investment bank, the previous regulatory authorities have put forward favorable policies such as "appropriately relaxing the capital constraints on high-quality securities companies". It is expected that the subsequent implementation of the policies will push China’s head investment banks and investment institutions to the road of "first-class investment banks and investment institutions".

5. financial opening: promoting high-level two-way opening is an inherent requirement of financial powers.

Promoting high-level financial opening to the outside world is, on the one hand, the inherent requirement of economic laws and high-quality development, and on the other hand, it is a two-way opening with equal emphasis on "bringing in" and "going out", rather than a one-way opening.

First of all,Financial opening is an important part of China’s opening to the outside world, and it is also the proper meaning of building a new development pattern and deepening the structural reform of the financial supply side;Secondly,A modern economic power needs the support and assistance of a financial power, and the construction of a financial power, besides having a modern financial institution and market system, is inseparable from the high-level opening of finance, including further improving the management mode of national treatment plus negative list before entry, expanding the institutional opening of rules, regulations, management and standards in the financial field, building an influential and competitive international financial center, and promoting the internationalization of RMB, so as to "enhance the convenience of cross-border investment and financing and attract more foreign financial institutions."Again,The high-level two-way opening of finance requires the construction of a corresponding regulatory system and the improvement of the regulatory level to control the high-level opening up, which is of course an important "talent infrastructure" and "core software" for becoming a financial power;Finally,China has become the world’s second largest economy, the world’s largest banking market and the second largest insurance market, and has the ability to "go global". It should adhere to the principle of multilateralism, actively participate in international financial cooperation and governance, and serve national strategies such as the "Belt and Road".

Because financial activities have the nature of risk, the opening-up of the financial sector will inevitably bring about the cross-border transmission of financial risks, and the risks of overseas financial markets and financial institutions may spill over to China. Therefore, the opening-up process should also "ensure the national financial and economic security" under the premise of security control.

In promoting the internationalization of RMB, according to the RMB Internationalization Report 2023 released by the central bank in October this year, the RMB accounted for 3.91% of global trade financing at the end of 2022, up 1.9 percentage points year-on-year, ranking third; In September 2023, the proportion rose to 5.8%, and the ranking also rose to second place. In terms of international payment, the share of RMB in the global market reached 3.7% in September this year, 1.5 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year (see Figure 12), but compared with China’s economic GDP accounting for more than 18% of the world, the asymmetry is obvious; From the horizontal comparison, the global market share is also at a low level (see Figure 13). These phenomena show that China still has a long way to go to become a financial power, and there is also a lot of room for two-way financial opening. There is still great potential for high-quality financial development to serve Chinese modernization.

(C) Focus 2: Strengthen supervision and reduce risks.

1. Strong supervision: Functional supervision, behavioral supervision and coordinated supervision between central and local governments are expected to be strengthened.

Continuing the theme of the fifth meeting, "strong supervision" is still the main tone of this meeting.However, different from the last meeting, this meeting put strong supervision and risk prevention together, which means that strengthening financial supervision and improving the supervision system are the premise and foundation for effectively preventing financial risks. In terms of specific formulation,One isReport to the 20th CPC National Congress, who continued the Party, mentioned that "all financial activities should be regulated according to law", indicating that in the future, financial activities must be licensed, illegal financial activities will be severely cracked down, and financial supervision will achieve "full coverage without exception".The second isRe-emphasize "comprehensively strengthen institutional supervision, behavioral supervision, functional supervision, penetrating supervision and continuous supervision", which is related to the background that the comprehensive operation of the financial industry continues to deepen and the complexity and concealment of financial risks continue to increase, aiming at comprehensively strengthening supervision and eliminating regulatory gaps and blind spots.

In order to meet the needs of the new situation, this round of supervision system reform was started in March this year, the Financial Stability Board was abolished, and the General Administration of Financial Supervision was established, forming a new supervision pattern of "one line, one bureau, one meeting" (see Figure 14).Under the new system, we can focus on three aspects:

The first is to highlight "functional supervision".In recent years, with the trend of mixed operation strengthening, the former mode of "institutional supervision" under separate operation can no longer adapt to the new financial market, but it is necessary to realize "functional supervision" across products, institutions and markets according to the functions realized by financial products. In this round of reform, the General Administration of Financial Supervision will be responsible for the supervision of the financial industry except the securities industry, which will contribute to the comprehensive unification of institutional supervision and functional supervision.

The second is to pay more attention to "behavior supervision".From the international experience, after the financial crisis in 2008, it has become an international trend to establish a "double-peak model" that separates prudential supervision from behavioral supervision, and behavioral supervision has received more attention. This reform brings the consumer protection responsibility of the central bank and the investor protection responsibility of the CSRC into the General Administration of Financial Supervision, and strengthens the concept of behavior supervision while unifying management. It is expected that the relevant supervision mechanism will be further implemented in the future.

The third is to strengthen the supervision and coordination between the central and local governments.One of the reasons for the inefficiency of China’s financial supervision is that the central and local supervisory responsibilities are unclear and their positions are contradictory. On the one hand, this reform of supervision system emphasizes the centralization of financial supervision authority to the central government and rationalizes the relationship between central and local financial supervision responsibilities; On the other hand, this meeting clearly pointed out that it is necessary to establish the financial committees and financial working committees of local party committees, implement territorial responsibilities, and achieve seamless coordination between the central and local governments in vertical supervision.

2. Risks of small and medium-sized financial institutions: the disposal process may be accelerated.

The meeting once again mentioned the risks of small and medium-sized financial institutions.In recent years, serious credit risk incidents have occurred in Baoshang Bank and Jinzhou Bank, and institutions such as Sichuan Trust and Zhongrong Trust have successively exploded, which has caused great negative impact on society. The risks of small and medium-sized financial institutions have aroused great concern. According to the rating results of financial institutions in the fourth quarter of 2022 announced by the central bank, among the 346 high-risk banks, city commercial banks, rural cooperative institutions and rural banks accounted for more than 95%. From the perspective of risk causes, the risks of small and medium-sized institutions come from many aspects: First, the macro-economic growth shift and the downward trend of the real estate industry have exerted great pressure on the operation of small and medium-sized institutions, which are facing problems such as deteriorating asset quality and declining risk compensation ability. Take the NPL ratio as an example. By the end of June this year, the NPL ratios of city commercial banks and rural commercial banks were 1.90% and 3.25% respectively, which were significantly higher than the average level of commercial banks (1.62%) (see Figure 15-16). Second, the corporate governance structure is not perfect, the ownership structure of some small and medium-sized institutions is complex, and corporate governance is flawed, which may easily lead to large shareholders occupying funds and infringing on the rights and interests of small and medium-sized shareholders, such as Baoshang Bank and Henan Rural Bank. Third, the positioning of serving the local economy makes small and medium-sized institutions have high regional concentration and weak risk diversification ability, and are vulnerable to the impact of local economic or industrial changes.

Emphasis is placed on "timely disposal" and it is expected that the follow-up process will be accelerated.At the end of April this year, Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party proposed that "the reform of small and medium-sized banks, insurance and trust institutions should be done as a whole". In July this year, Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party once again mentioned "steadily promoting the reform of high-risk small and medium-sized financial institutions". Compared with the two Politburo meetings, this statement highlights "timely disposal" and requires timeliness. This is because the risks of financial institutions are diffuse and contagious, which easily leads to regional or systemic risks. This formulation may indicate that the disposal process of subsequent high-risk institutions will be accelerated. In terms of disposal methods, under the premise of adhering to the classified policy of accurately defusing bombs and compacting the responsibilities of all parties, according to the "Report on Financial Work in the State Council" in October this year, it is mentioned that "promoting mergers and acquisitions, clearing out the clearing out safely", we believe that the follow-up disposal ideas: First, increase institutional integration and equity restructuring, such as the reform of provincial associations that have been piloted in Liaoning, Henan and Shanxi provinces since this year; Second, it is safe and clear. In recent years, the first trust company (Xinhua Trust), the first auto finance institution (Huatai Auto Finance) and the first financial leasing company (Tianjin Guotai Financial Leasing) have declared bankruptcy.

3. Local debt risk: accelerate the establishment of a long-term mechanism for debt conversion, and the central government may increase the leverage.

In terms of preventing and resolving local government debt risks, the formulation of the three financial work conferences in 2012, 2017 and 2023 showed important changes such as "properly handling the existing debt" → "strictly controlling the increment of local government debt" → "establishing a long-term mechanism for preventing and resolving local government debt", which reflected that the focus of local government debt in China gradually shifted from stock and increment to establishing a long-term mechanism. This is a long-term systematic project, which will standardize the government’s borrowing behavior, handle the relationship between borrowing and development, and realize the sustainability of local finance. Specifically, this meeting revealed three major debt clues.

First, combine short-term, medium-term and long-term measures to establish a long-term mechanism for debt conversion. In the short term,Affected by factors such as the heavy local government debt burden, the decline in fiscal revenue due to real estate, and the peak of debt maturity, the default risk of some weak-qualified regional urban investment is prominent, and it is necessary to accelerate the resolution of local government debt risk in the short term. According to statistics, since October, the issuance scale of special refinancing bonds has exceeded one trillion yuan, and the issuance speed, scale and scope have exceeded market expectations. However, special refinancing bonds are mainly used to borrow new and repay old, and will not reduce the local debt balance, and subsequent issuance is restricted by regional debt limits (the balance of local debt limits is about 2.6 trillion yuan in 2022). It is estimated that in the future, there will be a maximum of 1.5 trillion yuan of new space for special refinancing bonds, and the role of resolving local implicit debts exceeding 50 trillion yuan is still limited. It is expected that the next step is to set up emergency liquidity financial instruments (SPV) by the central bank, add new policy financial instruments, and revitalize existing assets in various places to help resolve local debts.In the medium and long term,The key to establishing a long-term mechanism for debt conversion lies in promoting the reform of the mechanism system and clarifying the relationship between the government and the market, and between the central and local governments. On the one hand, speed up the divestiture of the government financing function of the city investment platform, promote its market-oriented transformation, and form a clear boundary between the government and the city investment platform; On the other hand, we will promote the reform of the tax system and the financial relationship between the central and local governments, and balance the administrative and financial rights of the central and local governments.

The second is to improve the government debt management mechanism, taking into account the goal of debt conversion and high quality.The meeting proposed "establishing a government debt management mechanism suitable for high-quality development". On the one hand, it reflects that local governments will not be restricted from borrowing across the board in the future. At the critical stage of economic restructuring and upgrading, it is necessary and necessary for the government to appropriately increase debt to support high-quality economic development. The key lies in standardizing the use and management of new debts, using them more in major strategies, key areas and weak links, and giving full play to the important role of finance in economic structural reform. On the other hand, a reasonable debt management mechanism is also an important guarantee for the long-term mechanism of debt conversion. While dissolving the existing debt, the effective management of incremental debt can avoid the problem of "dissolving one batch and adding another" and truly realize the long-term sustainability of debt.

Third, the central government’s leverage is expected to become a new starting point and new feature of the proactive fiscal policy.The meeting clearly put forward "optimizing the debt structure of central and local governments", indicating that under the background of tight fiscal balance of local governments and high pressure of debt resolution, the high probability of central leverage is a new starting point and new feature of active fiscal policy in the future. On the one hand, the central leverage space is larger and the cost is lower. For example, by the end of the third quarter of 2023, the leverage ratio of China’s central government was only 22.6%, while the leverage ratio of local governments’ explicit debts was 31.2%. If the implicit debts of 50-60 trillion were added, the generalized leverage ratio of local governments might be as high as 70% or more (see Figure 17). In addition, from the perspective of financing cost, national debt < local debt < urban investment debt, and central government bond issuance are also conducive to reducing the government’s debt service burden. On the other hand, the central government plus leverage is more direct and effective in stimulating demand. Compared with monetary policy easing, the central government’s leverage can not only avoid the risk of policy effect decline or even failure due to insufficient demand from micro-subjects (for example, the central bank has continuously lowered the RRR and cut interest rates since the second half of 2021, but the improvement in the growth rate of social integration and M2 is limited), but also increase the income of the private sector by expanding demand, repair its balance sheet, and truly stimulate the endogenous effective demand of the real economy.

4. Real estate risk: improve the supervision of housing enterprises and promote a virtuous circle of finance and real estate.

Affected by the resonance of multiple factors such as structure and periodicity, the real estate market continued to decline beyond expectations in the past two years, which not only greatly dragged down the macro economy, but also gradually spread its risks to the fiscal and financial fields, challenging the bottom line of systemic financial risks. Therefore, this meeting put real estate in the framework of preventing and resolving financial risks for the first time, and emphasized "promoting a virtuous circle between finance and real estate", mainly focusing on three aspects:

First, in terms of supervision, improve the supervision system of housing enterprises and optimize the macro-prudential management of real estate.On the one hand, in the face of the current situation that the three main sources of funds of real estate enterprises are in a tight balance or even broken state, and the risks of a large number of real estate enterprises are exposed at an accelerated pace, the meeting proposed for the first time to "improve the main supervision system and fund supervision of real estate enterprises", indicating that the regulatory authorities will increase supervision over the capital flow of head or high-risk real estate enterprises in the future, which will help curb the spread of risks of real estate enterprises in the short term, standardize the management of pre-sale funds and leverage levels of real estate enterprises in the long term, and identify, warn and dispose of risks early. On the other hand, the meeting proposed "improving macro-prudential management of real estate finance", indicating that under the background of major changes in the supply and demand pattern of the real estate market and short-term excessive adjustment of the real estate market, it is expected that the macro-prudential management direction of real estate will shift from "overheating prevention" to "moderate support" in the future, and the relevant rules such as "three red lines" of financing rules for housing enterprises and "two red lines" of bank real estate loans are expected to usher in adjustment and moderate relaxation.

Second, on the supply side, the financing support for private housing enterprises is expected to increase.The meeting put forward the idea of "meeting the reasonable financing needs of real estate enterprises with different ownership equally" and continued the formulation of "Article 16 on Finance" last year, indicating that the financing difficulties of private housing enterprises are still outstanding (see Figure 18). In the next step, the policy of supporting the financing of private real estate enterprises will be further implemented, and the financing of private real estate enterprises may usher in marginal improvement and support the repair of the supply side of the real estate market.

Third, the demand side, the real estate restrictive policy is expected to be further liberalized, and the "three major projects" take into account the dual functions of underpinning and transformation.On the one hand, the meeting put forward "making good use of the policy toolbox because of the city’s policy", indicating that the package of real estate stimulus policies introduced at the end of August is expected to be further implemented in various places, and the restrictive policies introduced during the overheated market in the past are expected to be gradually withdrawn or optimized. For example, according to the data of the Central Finger Research Institute, there are still 10 core cities with certain real estate restrictive policies. It is worth looking forward to further liberalizing the restrictions on purchases and loans, reducing the down payment ratio and lowering the mortgage interest rate in the future. On the other hand, the meeting emphasized "accelerating the construction of’ three major projects’ such as affordable housing and building a new model of real estate development", which is in line with the proposal of "increasing the construction and supply of affordable housing, actively promoting the transformation of villages in cities and the construction of’ public infrastructure for emergency and peace’" at the Politburo meeting in July. It is expected that the construction of the three major projects will be accelerated and the financial support will be further increased. The three major projects are conducive to stable growth and stable expectations in the short term, especially for stable investment next year; The medium and long term is an important breakthrough direction to build a new development model, which is conducive to eliminating the disadvantages of the old model of "high debt, high leverage and high turnover" and promoting the smooth transition of the real estate industry to the new development model.

5. Financial market risks: prevent risks from transmitting resonance across regions, markets and borders.

In terms of financial market risk prevention, the meeting proposed to "maintain the stable operation of the financial market" and "strengthen the management of the foreign exchange market". According to "the State Council’s Report on Financial Work" made by the leaders of the central bank at the sixth meeting of the 14th the NPC Standing Committee on October 21st, it is proposed to "guard against risk contagion in the stock market, bond market and foreign exchange market", and this financial work conference also emphasized "guard against cross-regional, cross-market and cross-border transmission resonance of risks", which is essentially the same strain.

In recent years, the downward pressure on China’s economy has increased, the external environment is complicated, and financial risks have shown some new characteristics. First, real estate adjustment leads to an increase in the risk of bond default of real estate enterprises, especially the default of overseas bonds of real estate enterprises, which not only affects the expectations of the domestic bond market, but also affects the domestic foreign exchange market and the stock market across the market, affecting the RMB exchange rate and stock price fluctuations; The second is the repayment risk of urban investment bonds under the influence of economic downturn and real estate problems. Because of the particularity of urban investment bonds, there is a risk of cross-regional transmission, which affects the operation of the bond market; Third, the risk of exchange rate instability and overshoot under the influence of multiple factors will also be transmitted to domestic capital markets and entities; Fourth, the spillover effect of monetary policy and financial market fluctuation in major overseas developed economies will have a ripple effect on domestic stock market, bond market and foreign exchange market under the background of global financial opening, and even resonate risks. Based on this, the meeting proposed to reasonably guide expectations and stabilize the operation of financial markets and exchange rate markets.

Fourth, industry impact: localization and specialization are the ways to break the situation for small and medium-sized institutions.

(1) Industry comparison: The future development of insurance industry and securities industry is expected to be marginal.

From the perspective of net assets, the development of insurance industry and securities industry has been slower than that of banking industry since the Fifth National Financial Work Conference.From the end of 2016 before the Fifth National Financial Work Conference to the end of the first half of this year, except in 2019 and 2020 (because the proportion of equity assets held by the insurance industry and the securities industry is higher than that of the banking industry, and the fluctuation of equity assets will affect the net assets, the ratio of net assets of the insurance industry and the securities industry to the net assets of the banking industry will be higher than that of the bear market), the ratio of net assets of the insurance industry and the securities industry to the net assets of the banking industry has declined as a whole (see Figure 19), mainly because the leverage of the banking industry is always higher than that of the insurance industry and the securities industry (

From the perspective of policy orientation to increase the proportion of direct financing and supplement capital to support future business development, the insurance industry and the securities industry are expected to be marginalized in the future changes in the financial structure.The development of the financial industry faces strict capital constraints. The deposit and loan business of the banking industry, the self-operated and credit business of the securities industry, and the asset and liability business of the insurance industry all need to continuously replenish capital to meet the needs of business development. In the banking sector, because the insurance industry, as the main buyer of bank capital supplementary bonds, is under pressure from its own capital, the demand for bank capital supplementary bonds is reduced, so the banking industry needs to "broaden the channels for capital replenishment", and its future development speed is limited by the capital replenishment; In the insurance industry, because insurance companies can count the future surplus of unexpired policies into actual capital, that is, insurance companies can supplement internal capital by optimizing business structure, balancing scale and value without resorting to external capital, so the future development speed of insurance industry is less affected by capital replenishment; In the securities industry, it is expected that with the supervision of "optimizing the calculation standard of risk control indicators of securities companies and appropriately relaxing the capital constraints on high-quality securities companies", the efficiency of capital use in the securities industry will be improved, self-operated and credit businesses will benefit, while investment banks and brokerage businesses will benefit from the better function of the capital market hub and the entry of medium and long-term funds into the market.

(2)Industry structure: concentration will be enhanced, and localization and specialization are the ways to break the situation for small and medium-sized institutions.

The concentration of the financial industry will be further enhanced.According to the experience of mature markets, as the economy enters the stage of stock reorganization and incremental optimization from incremental development, the cases of large financial institutions merging and reorganizing small and medium-sized financial institutions will increase significantly. It is expected that the decision-makers will judge this future development trend and superimpose the actual situation of high risk of small and medium-sized financial institutions. Therefore, they will make "perfecting the institutional positioning, supporting large state-owned financial institutions to become better and stronger, being the main force to serve the real economy and the ballast stone to maintain financial stability, strictly enforcing the access standards and regulatory requirements of small and medium-sized financial institutions, and carrying out distinctive operations based on local conditions". It is expected that with the continuous evolution of "supporting the big and limiting the small", "supporting the superior and limiting the inferior" and "deepening the structural reform of the financial supply side", the concentration of the financial industry will be further enhanced.

Small and medium-sized financial institutions need to realize localization and characteristic operation.The further increase in the concentration of the financial industry means that large financial institutions will realize the nationalization or even internationalization of their business areas and the comprehensive operation of their businesses. Only by taking advantage of their local advantages, small and medium-sized financial institutions can achieve distinctive operations in businesses that have certain comparative advantages compared with the comprehensive business layout of large financial institutions according to their own resource endowments, can they achieve the breakthrough under the improvement of industry concentration.

(C) Business Focus: "Five Great Articles" provide directional guidance for the next stage of financial exhibition industry.

The five articles "technology and finance, Green Finance, inclusive finance, Pension Finance and Digital Finance" mentioned at the meeting contain rich and broad business space, which provides clear guidance for financial institutions in the next stage. On the one hand, all kinds of financial institutions can focus on the five major articles, conduct in-depth research and planning, strengthen innovation based on their respective institutional characteristics and license advantages, continuously improve product supply and enrich service types; On the other hand, financial control group can strengthen business collaboration, promote subsidiaries to play complementary roles in differentiated operations, and cooperate with each other in business promotion to form a unique style of play.

Taking pension finance as an example, trust and insurance companies each have room for innovation in products and services. Trust companies can combine family trust, family trust and pension service, and also innovate pension service trust (such as guardianship support service trust) based on various scenarios of pension. In addition to the traditional commercial endowment insurance products, insurance companies have large exhibition space for personal tax deferred commercial endowment insurance and exclusive commercial endowment insurance. At the same time, trust and insurance institutions also have many opportunities for cross-cooperation. For example, their pension products need to be embedded with the rights and interests of pension services, which involves the screening and cooperation of pension institutions; Another example is the field of pension real estate, where insurance has a long-term financial advantage and trusts have accumulated experience in real estate business.

(IV) Regulatory orientation: firmly take the road of returning to the source and improve compliance risk management.

From comprehensively strengthening financial supervision to preventing and resolving financial risks, the meeting released a signal of strong supervision and strict supervision, which laid the tone for the exhibition industry of financial institutions in the next stage. We believe that the exhibition industry of financial institutions in the future:First, the importance of compliance risk control has increased.At present, the downward pressure on the economy is increasing, and financial risks are gradually exposed. In the past few years, some financial institutions have been affected by risk events, and the development of the whole institution has been in trouble. Therefore, it is particularly important to comply with the exhibition industry and prevent risks in advance in the current environment. Financial institutions should strengthen the awareness of compliance, improve the level of risk control, and keep the bottom line of no major risks.

The second is to firmly take the road of returning to the source.The rapid growth of the financial industry into a high-quality development stage means that the extensive development mode led by scale expansion will become a thing of the past, and financial institutions should shift from "scale" first to "quality" first, enhance their professional ability and attach importance to refined management; This also means that financial institutions should get rid of all kinds of "false innovation" and "false innovation", return to the origin of serving the real economy, and find their own position.

This article comes from: Selected research reports of securities firms.

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The sales of "deep" high-end beauty cosmetics have fallen sharply, and the desire of middle-class women to protect their faces is declining?

Reporter | Viann

Editor | Zhou Zhuoran

Since late January, Simei, who has been isolated at home, has found that cosmetics are useless. Due to the inconvenience of going out and poor logistics, she hardly bought beauty products.

During the epidemic, there were not a few people who reduced the consumption of beauty products. According to the data obtained by Bain, a management consulting company, and Alibaba Tmall, the online sales of beauty products decreased by 30% from the first day of the first month to the thirteenth day of the first month (January 25th to February 6th) in the Spring Festival in 2020, among which the high-end beauty products were more affected, with a decrease of 40%.

Estee Lauder’s performance fluctuated greatly during the epidemic. After combing the data of ECdataway Dataway, we found that the brand’s sales dropped by more than 75% year-on-year in the two weeks from February 8 to February 21. After ranking 100 in the brand sales list, it became the first in Tmall’s beauty care category from February 22 to February 28. This may be because Taobao Live Li Jiaqi broadcasted two Estee Lauder products on February 27.

Shiseido Group previously said that the sales volume of its four top brands in China decreased by more than half during the New Year.

At the same time, affordable beauty brands have been hit relatively lightly.

According to the data of ECdataway Dataway, during the five weeks from January 25th to February 28th, the sales of high-end beauty brands in Tmall beauty category fluctuated greatly, while the low-priced brands such as L ‘Oreal, Perfect Diary, Huaxizi and Yuze remained relatively stable in the top 15 of the weekly sales list.

Although with the passage of time, the beauty category market gradually began to resume growth, the difficulties faced by high-end beauty brands may be long-term.

During the epidemic, the online sales of high-end beauty brands declined significantly. Bain and Tmall explained that the social needs of Generation Z (born in 1995-2009), young people in small towns and cutting-edge white-collar workers declined, and they contributed more than 50% of the sales of this category in 2019, so the sales dropped significantly.

But this is not the whole reason. The frustration of high-end beauty brands is also related to their special brand attributes.

Yu Jian, general manager of Kaidu Consumer Index Greater China, told interface fashion that high-end beauty products, unlike cheap beauty brands, also bear the gift function like luxury goods.

Valentine’s Day is the traditional sales season for high-end beauty brands, but this year’s high-end beauty brands are probably "lover robbery".

After combing the Tmall sales data of ECdataway Dataway, it was found that the sales of high-end beauty brands generally declined on Valentine’s Day and the week before the holiday (February 8-February 14).

Among them, Lancome sales decreased by 12.8%, Estee Lauder sales decreased by 60.2%, Snow Show sales decreased by 41.7%, CPB sales decreased by 44.3% and SK-II sales decreased by 2.3%.

However, in a special period, even if online sales decline, it is a timely help. What makes high-end beauty brands even more headache is that tourism retail, which they regard as a channel for growth, almost completely failed during the epidemic.

Tourism is always closely related to shopping, and the most crowded people in duty-free shops are always the beauty counters with fragrance. According to the data of Generation Research, a French tourism retail research institution, the total sales of tourism retail channels reached 79 billion US dollars in 2018, of which perfumed products accounted for 31 billion yuan. Beauty products are undoubtedly the largest category of tourism retail in the world.

Shiseido Group, Estee Lauder Group and L ‘Oré al Group all emphasized the importance of tourism retail to the group in their financial year 2019 performance reports, and it was even the fastest growing channel for Shiseido last year.

More than a month ago, these beauty groups should have ushered in a small sales peak by taking advantage of the East Wind of Spring Festival travel. However, according to the data of the Ministry of Transport and the Civil Aviation Administration, the national civil aviation passenger flow in Spring Festival travel rush decreased by 47.5% within 40 days (January 10-February 18), of which the passenger flow plummeted by 86% from February 1 to February 18.

People greatly reduce their travel, so naturally they can’t and have no time to shop during the trip.

Shiseido CEO Masahiko Yutani previously revealed that after the outbreak, whether in department stores, pharmacies or duty-free shops, they obviously saw the impact of the decrease in China tourists on sales. Analysts at Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities believe that Shiseido’s sales in the Asia-Pacific region including China and duty-free shops will decrease by 20%.

Because of the "avalanche" of tourism retail channels, in late February, Estee Lauder Group even offered a huge discount of 60% for three or more brands in duty-free retailers at airports such as duty-free shops in Japan.

Although the epidemic will always pass, high-end beauty brands are still worried that after the epidemic, the target group will become cautious in consumption and will take the initiative to downgrade beauty products.

Since the Chinese New Year, almost all walks of life have heard the news that the company’s cash flow is tight. Startups are struggling to save themselves, and large companies have successively implemented measures such as layoffs and employee pay cuts.

The middle class with houses, cars and loans should have been loyal customers of high-end beauty brands, but an epidemic will force them to grow.

Sun Xiaoji, a financial writer, said in an interview with Interface Culture that the outbreak of the epidemic gave people a rare opportunity to reflect on consumerism.

Sun Xiaoji suggested that people "get rid of the illusion of the middle class", control their desire for consumption, increase their desire for income, use their money for investment and savings, and don’t buy meaningless goods. "When you have to spend money, you can treat every expenditure as an investment."

However, consumers’ demand for high-end beauty products still exists, and brands also have opportunities to seize.

According to the data of the business staff, in February, the number of views, collectors and times of collection of Tmall cosmetics increased slightly, and the trend of beauty and skin care categories became more intense, with the number of views, collectors and times of collection rising sharply, with the growth rates of 64.09%, 39.10% and 77.80% respectively.

This means that in the days when people are isolated at home, although they have reduced shopping, they have more time to learn about beauty knowledge. Simei planted many new products, and saved two months’ salary when she went out, so she was going to buy them in buy buy after the epidemic.

L ‘Oré al Group called it the consumption base of beauty products at the presentation of "Cloud Release" China development strategy. Once the situation improves, beauty lovers will release their pent-up shopping desire.

After all, China women’s demand for beauty products should not be underestimated, and now they are the most mature consumers in the Asia-Pacific region.

Tao Jun, Director of Consumer and Market Insight of L ‘Oré al China, said that the overall penetration rate of female consumers in China in skin care products is close to 100%, and all categories are basically the same as those in South Korea, even surpassing South Korea in eye cream and mask, with an average of 13.8 skin care products.

In China, some high-end beauty brands have strengthened the operation of "private domain traffic" in sales channels.

On February 1st and 2nd, the sales of skin care brand Lin Qingxuan’s Wuhan store soared, and its performance rose to the second place in the country. On February 15th, Lin Qingxuan’s offline performance even increased by 45% compared with the same period of last year, and most of these sales were completed by digital platforms such as shopping guides and live broadcasts.

Lin Qingxuan told interface fashion that as of the end of February, 337 direct-operated stores had basically achieved the same performance as the same period of last year through digitalization. From March 1 ST to March 8 th, Lin Qingxuan’s whole network sales increased by 513% year-on-year.

Prior to this, half of Lin Qingxuan’s offline stores had been closed from the first day of the Lunar New Year to the seventh day of the Lunar New Year, and his performance plummeted by 90%. Sun Chunlai, the founder, once said that the cash flow could only last for two or three months at most, and tapping private domain traffic made Lin Qingxuan temporarily out of the predicament.

Fan Yijin, vice president of Tencent Smart Retail, said at the online summit of beauty private domain traffic held by Jumeili and Tencent Advertising that according to interviews with consumers, store managers and shopping guides and BCG analysis of consulting company, when brand store managers and shopping guides have 300 customer friends and 30 ~ 50 customers who interact frequently, and interact with consumers at least once every 1 ~ 2 months, and chat for 3 ~ 5 minutes each time, the service capacity of sales terminals can be improved by 9 ~ 10 times, and the repurchase rate of consumers can be improved.

Lin Qingxuan told the interface fashion that after the epidemic, Lin Qingxuan will also increase the digitalization of live broadcast, and upgrade to Lin Qingxuan’s digital live broadcast store on the basis of existing direct stores, which will increase the user experience and form two dimensions of online content dissemination and offline service experience that reach consumers.

However, private domain traffic is not a treasure mine that all high-end brands can tap. Song Xing, founder and CEO of Fanyan Consulting, said at the online beauty private domain traffic summit that China companies of international beauty brands are limited by overseas headquarters’ control over brand tonality and other aspects, and it is difficult to respond to some domestic trends quickly, so they may miss the tide of private domain traffic.

On the other hand, private domain traffic is a sudden rise during the epidemic. It seems to be a temporary savior, but its future development trend is still not clear. With the gradual overload of private domain information, some users have begun to quit the WeChat group full of sales links.

For mid-to-high-end beauty brands, the way to retain customers may be to enhance brand power and establish emotional ties with them. In Yin Kuo’s view, the middle and high-end beauty products are perceptual goods, and consumers will still be willing to use the customary beauty brands in the long run.

The efficacy of beauty products is difficult to be measured intuitively, and the consumption of high-end beauty products belongs to emotional consumption. What high-end brands need to do is to find the button that triggers consumers’ emotions.

Yu Jian believes that as long as China consumers yearn for a better life, the beauty market will be full of various possibilities.

Another old rocket general! A CBA team is contacting this Russian super scorer?

According to Russian basketball journalist Artem Komarov, Alexey Shved, a former NBA player, talked about his possible future in an interview with teammate Viktor Pavlenko. Sheved said that he is on the verge of leaving CSKA Moscow, and he has received some offers from teams in the European Basketball League and China, including the Greek giant Olympiakos, who performed well in the European Basketball League last season.

Born in December 1988, Sheved is 34 years old, with a height of 198cm and a weight of 85kg. He is a draft loser in the 2010 NBA Draft. However, with his outstanding performance in CSKA Moscow in the 2011-12 season, he got a contract from Minnesota Timberwolves in the summer of 2012. Sheved’s performance in the Timberwolves in the first season was actually not bad, but in the second season, with the decrease of playing time, his performance also declined to some extent. The Timberwolves also sent Sheved to the Philadelphia 76ers in the summer of 2014. Shortly after the start of the regular season, Sheved was sent to the Houston Rockets by the 76ers and then sent to the new york Knicks by the rockets.

In the summer of 2015, after the contract with the Knicks expired, Sheved did not get a contract from other NBA teams, and he had to return to Europe to play. However, in Europe, he has become a top scorer. He has won the scoring champion of the European League twice, the scoring champion of the European Basketball League once and the scoring champion of the VTB League twice. He is one of the best pitchers in Europe and has excellent scoring ability.

However, after all, Sheved is a veteran who will be 35 years old in a few months, and with his status and position in the European arena, he also needs to pay a lot of wages to sign him. Then the question comes, will there really be a CBA team to offer a big contract for this Russian veteran and sign him?