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CCTV News:According to the WeChat official account news released by the CSRC, on July 5th, the General Office of the State Council forwarded the Opinions on Further Improving the Comprehensive Punishment and Prevention of Financial Fraud in the Capital Market (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions) from the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Finance, the People’s Bank of China, the General Administration of Financial Supervision and the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council. The spokesman of China Securities Regulatory Commission answered a reporter’s question on the Opinions.

1. What are the main considerations in formulating the Opinions?

Financial fraud destroys the integrity foundation of the capital market and seriously infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of investors. Combating financial fraud in the capital market is a consistent focus of securities supervision and law enforcement. In recent years, China Securities Regulatory Commission has continuously improved its supervision and law enforcement, improved its law enforcement system and mechanism, and a number of major typical cases have been punished in time. From 2021 to 2023, a total of 397 cases of illegal information disclosure of listed companies were handled, including 203 cases of fraud. Since 2021, more than 150 criminal cases involving financial fraud, fund occupation and illegal guarantee have been transferred to public security organs. Promote the establishment of a class action system, in which Kangmei Pharmaceutical compensated investors for 2.459 billion yuan, and Amethyst Storage and Zeda Yisheng compensated more than 1.3 billion yuan. Resolutely implement major illegal forced delisting, and pursue the illegal behavior of delisting companies to the end, providing a basis for small and medium investors to claim compensation from the company and the responsible subject. Judging from the situation in recent years, the phenomenon of "white horse stocks" suddenly exploding due to fraud has been significantly reduced, and the market ecology has continued to improve.

With the strengthening of law enforcement, combating and preventing financial fraud is also facing some new situations and problems. For example, the concealment and complexity of financial fraud have increased significantly, making it more difficult to find and investigate. Especially in many cases recently investigated, the problem of third-party cooperation with fraud has emerged and aroused great concern in the market. At the same time, the current supervision and law enforcement mechanism of China Securities Regulatory Commission has been running for many years, which can not fully adapt to the new changes. Compared with the expectations of all parties in the market, the punishment and comprehensive effect are not enough. On the whole, fake companies are still a minority, and listed companies are always outstanding representatives of Chinese enterprises. However, financial fraud has a great impact on market confidence, and it is very harmful to the interests of investors. It is urgent for all departments and regions to form a joint force in a multi-pronged manner, and to eliminate it with heavy punches and resolutely curb it. At the same time, it is also necessary to attack and prevent both the symptoms and the root causes, deepen corporate governance, compact the responsibility of intermediaries, increase the supply of basic systems, and prevent fraud from the source.

2. What are the main contents of the Opinions?

The Opinions focus on comprehensively punishing financial fraud in the capital market, adhere to the systematic concept, further intensify the crackdown, focus on improving the regulatory coordination mechanism, and build a comprehensive long-term mechanism for punishment and prevention. The Opinions consists of 20 items, which are divided into three parts: the first part is the general requirements, the second part is the main content, and the third part is the implementation of guarantees. The main part puts forward 5 aspects and 17 specific measures.

First, resolutely crack down on and curb financial fraud in key areas. Including severely punishing fraudulent issuance of stocks and bonds, false information disclosure, misappropriation of raised funds and evasion of debts, severely cracking down on systematic fraud and third-party cooperation fraud, strengthening supervision over the abuse of accounting policies to implement fraud, and strengthening the crackdown on financial fraud in specific fields.

The second is to optimize the system and mechanism of securities supervision and law enforcement. Including improving the clue discovery mechanism, giving play to the supporting role of scientific and technological means, and enhancing the ability to penetrate supervision. Accelerate the regulatory transformation, improve the investigation and punishment mechanism of major cases, and improve the quality and efficiency of investigation. Deepen the cooperation between securities law enforcement and judicial organs in information sharing, case handling, warning education, etc., and improve the efficiency of investigating major cases.

The third is to increase all-round and three-dimensional accountability. Including speeding up the introduction of regulations on the supervision of listed companies and strengthening the deterrence of administrative accountability. Promote the judicial interpretation of the crime of breach of trust harming the interests of listed companies, and strengthen the criminal accountability of the "key minority" and the counterfeiters who constitute the crime. Improve the civil accountability support mechanism, promote the simplification of registration, litigation, execution and other procedures, strengthen compensation and relief for investors, and increase the comprehensive illegal cost.

The fourth is to strengthen inter-ministerial coordination and coordination between the central and local governments. Including the investors of state-owned assets and the competent departments of relevant enterprises to strengthen supervision and management, and seriously pursue the responsibility of financial fraud and cooperation with related enterprises and report feedback. The financial regulatory authorities have intensified their concerted efforts to crack down, urged financial institutions to pay more attention to and examine the financial authenticity, and intensified their supervision and inspection of the compliance of the letter-issuing business. Local governments regard financial authenticity as an important basis to help the superior and limit the inferior, and earnestly fulfill the responsibility of territorial disposal of risks caused by financial fraud.

Fifth, normalization and long-term prevention and control of financial fraud. Including strengthening the endogenous constraints of corporate governance, strengthening the anti-fraud duties of audit committees, giving play to the supervisory role of independent directors, and promoting the establishment of accountability mechanisms within the company. We will tighten the responsibility of "gatekeepers" of intermediaries, suspend or prohibit securities services for intermediaries with major violations of laws and regulations, improve the relevant rules of accounting and auditing in the capital market, and strengthen joint punishment and social supervision.

3. What has the China Securities Regulatory Commission done to strengthen three-dimensional accountability?

China Securities Regulatory Commission attaches great importance to increasing the illegal cost of financial fraud and the protection of investors involved, and actively promotes the construction of a three-dimensional accountability system of administrative law enforcement, civil accountability and criminal crackdown. First, at the legislative level, we will promote the revision of the Securities Law, and the upper limit of fines for companies and responsible persons who violate the rules will be greatly increased from 600,000 yuan and 300,000 yuan to 10 million yuan and 5 million yuan, and the upper limit of fines for fraudulent issuance will be increased from 5% of the raised funds to 1 time; The Criminal Law Amendment (XI) raised the maximum sentence for illegal disclosure from 3 years to 10 years; Intermediaries and employees who issue false documents can be sentenced to a maximum of 10 years in prison. Second, in the three-dimensional accountability, administrative punishment is a part of the three-dimensional accountability, and criminal accountability and civil compensation are also important components of the three-dimensional accountability. In terms of criminal accountability, more than 40 cases of financial fraud, fund occupation and illegal guarantee have been transferred to public security organs according to law this year. In terms of civil accountability, China Securities Regulatory Commission guides the investor service center, actively supports investors to initiate civil recovery litigation, and comprehensively uses advance payment, support litigation and subrogation litigation to strengthen investor compensation relief. At present, there are 10 cases in which listed companies (including some delisting companies) support investors to apply to the people’s court to initiate ordinary representative lawsuits, and 22 cases are under trial.

The "Opinions" will take increasing all-round and three-dimensional accountability as an important content. On the basis of existing work, we will further deepen the convergence of execution of major cases, highlight the key attacks on financial fraud companies and "key minorities", focus on "chasing the first evil" and severely punish the planners and organizers of fraud. Strengthen the criminal accountability of controlling shareholders and actual controllers for organizing fraud and embezzlement. Improve the civil accountability support mechanism, promote the simplification of registration, litigation, execution and other procedures, improve the model judgment mechanism, increase the application of the special representative litigation system, and facilitate investors to obtain compensation.

4. What will be done to promote the implementation of the Opinions in the next step?

The Opinions is an important institutional arrangement for building a comprehensive system to punish and prevent financial fraud in the capital market. At present, the China Securities Regulatory Commission has formulated a detailed work plan to implement the Opinions. In the next step, we will actively work with state-owned assets supervision and administration institutions, financial supervision departments, relevant enterprise departments, public security organs, local governments, etc. to further enhance the sense of responsibility, work closely together to form a joint force, and promote the implementation of various tasks and requirements of the Opinions. The first is to intensify the crackdown and punishment. Strengthen the investigation of financial fraud risks in key areas, severely punish and crack down on financial fraud, embezzlement and third-party cooperation fraud, seriously deal with violations of laws and regulations in accordance with the law, and timely report. The second is to optimize the working mechanism. China Securities Regulatory Commission will consult with relevant departments on the prevention and control of financial fraud in related fields, and work together to promote the implementation of all work. Relevant departments will also strengthen internal supervision, and those who fail to perform their duties in management or supervision will be seriously held accountable. The third is to increase publicity and guidance. Through various means, strengthen the propaganda and interpretation of the Opinions and the guidance of public opinion, and actively respond to market concerns. Relevant departments should give more guidance to the invested enterprises, supervisors or supervisory enterprises, and earnestly do a good job in the implementation of various arrangements.

The full text of the Assessment Provisions:

Provisions on the assessment of staff in public institutions

Chapter I General Principles

Article 1 These Provisions are formulated in accordance with the Regulations on Personnel Management of Public Institutions and relevant laws and regulations in order to accurately evaluate the professional performance and work performance of staff in public institutions, standardize the assessment of staff in public institutions, promote the construction of high-quality professional staff who can shoulder the heavy responsibility of national rejuvenation, be loyal and clean, and implement the standards of good cadres in the new era.

Article 2 Staff assessment in public institutions refers to the understanding, verification and evaluation of the political quality, performance ability, work performance and work style of staff in public institutions by public institutions or competent authorities (departments) in accordance with the authority of cadre and personnel management and the prescribed standards and procedures.

The assessment of the leaders of public institutions shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions.

Article 3 The staff assessment of public institutions shall be guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, implement the Party’s organizational line and the principles and policies for cadres’ work in the new era, focus on fully mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the staff of public institutions, promote the high-quality development of public welfare undertakings in the new era, adhere to respect for labor, knowledge, talents and creativity, comprehensively and accurately evaluate the staff of public institutions, clearly establish the orientation of selecting and employing people in the new era, and promote the formation of "those who are competent, those who are superior, and those who are mediocre". At work, we should adhere to the following principles:

(a) the party is in charge of cadres and talents;

(2) Having both ability and political integrity and putting morality first;

(three) the cause is the best, fair and decent;

(four) pay attention to performance, recognized by the masses;

(five) classification, simple and effective;

(six) the combination of examination and use, rewards and punishments.

Article 4 The methods of staff assessment in public institutions are mainly annual assessment and employment period assessment, and peacetime assessment and special assessment are carried out according to the actual work.

Chapter II Assessment Contents

Article 5 The staff of public institutions shall be assessed on the basis of their job responsibilities and tasks, with a comprehensive assessment of morality, ability, diligence, performance and honesty, with emphasis on the assessment of morality and performance.

(1) Germany. Insist on putting political standards first, comprehensively assess political quality and moral conduct, focus on studying and implementing Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, firmly support the "two establishment", strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences", achieve the "two maintenance", strengthen ideals and beliefs, stick to the initial mission, be loyal to the Constitution, the country and the people; Adhere to principles, dare to struggle, and be good at fighting; Exemplary practice of socialist core values, caring for the motherland, serving the people, abiding by professional ethics, observing social morality, family virtues and personal morality.

(2) can. Comprehensively assess the level of political ability, work ability, professionalism and technical skills to meet the requirements of the new era, focusing on political judgment, political understanding, political execution and learning and research ability, ability to handle affairs according to law, mass work ability, communication and coordination ability, implementation ability, reform and innovation ability, and emergency response ability.

(3) diligence. Comprehensive assessment of mental state and work style, focusing on understanding the situation of dedication, diligence, responsibility, forge ahead, courage to create, and dedication.

(4) achievements. Comprehensively examine and practice the people-centered development thought, perform post responsibilities in accordance with laws and regulations, undertake urgent and dangerous tasks, and do practical things for the masses of workers, focusing on understanding the quantity, quality, timeliness, cost, social and economic benefits, and satisfaction of service targets.

(5) Cheap. Comprehensively assess the situation of honest employment, focusing on the implementation of the spirit of the eight central regulations and their detailed rules, the implementation of the relevant rules and regulations of the system, the industry and the unit, compliance with rules and discipline, honesty and self-discipline.

Article 6 The staff of public institutions shall be assessed by classification, and the assessment contents shall be detailed and clear, reflecting the characteristics and specific requirements of staff in different industries, different types, different levels and different positions, and enhancing pertinence and effectiveness.

Article 7 In the assessment of the staff of public institutions providing public welfare services to the society, the responsibilities of public welfare services should be highlighted, and the assessment of service quality, code of conduct, technical skills and work style construction should be strengthened. Institutions in key industries such as propaganda, ideology, culture, education, science and technology, health and wellness should, in accordance with the relevant requirements of promoting the reform of talent evaluation mechanism by classification, respectively determine the core elements of staff assessment content, reasonably set the index weight, and implement differentiated assessment based on industry attributes.

The assessment of the staff of institutions that mainly provide support and guarantee for the organs, highlighting the assessment of the performance of support and guarantee duties. According to the actual situation, it can be assessed and coordinated with the staff of the competent authority (department).

Article 8 The assessment of professional and technical personnel in public institutions shall be based on the characteristics of professional and technical work, oriented by innovative value, ability and contribution, and pay attention to public service awareness, professional theoretical knowledge, professional ability level, innovative services and achievements, etc.

The assessment of management personnel of public institutions should be combined with the characteristics of management work, focusing on management level, organization and coordination ability, standardization of work, honesty and diligence.

The assessment of workers and technicians in public institutions should be combined with the characteristics of workers and technicians, and pay attention to skill level, service attitude, quality and efficiency.

Chapter III Annual Assessment

Ninth annual assessment is a comprehensive assessment of the overall performance of staff in public institutions on an annual basis, generally at the end of each year or the beginning of the following year.

Tenth annual assessment results are generally divided into four grades: excellent, qualified, basically qualified and unqualified.

Eleventh annual assessment to determine the excellent grade shall meet the following conditions:

(a) high ideological and political quality, firm ideals and beliefs, resolutely implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, abide by laws and regulations, abide by professional ethics, and have good social morality, family virtues and personal morality;

(two) strong ability to perform job responsibilities, proficient in their own business, and high professional and technical skills or management level corresponding to job requirements;

(three) public service awareness and strong sense of responsibility, diligence and dedication, strong sense of reform and innovation, good work style;

(four) fully perform their duties, complete all tasks with high quality, outstanding work performance, contribution to the society or units, and high satisfaction with the clients;

(five) honest practice and have an exemplary role in observing the discipline of honesty.

Twelfth annual assessment to determine the qualified grade shall meet the following conditions:

(a) high ideological and political quality, able to implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, consciously abide by laws and regulations and professional ethics, and have good social morality, family virtue and personal morality;

(two) strong ability to perform job responsibilities, familiar with their own business, and high professional and technical skills or management level corresponding to job requirements;

(three) public service awareness and strong sense of responsibility, serious and responsible work, good work style;

(4) Being able to perform job responsibilities, completing work tasks well, and having high satisfaction with the clients;

(five) honest practice.

Thirteenth institutions staff in any of the following circumstances, the annual assessment should be determined as the basic qualified grade:

(a) the ideological and political quality is average, and there are obvious shortcomings in implementing the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and observing professional ethics, social ethics, family virtues and personal morality;

(two) the ability to perform job responsibilities is weak, and the professional and technical skills or management level corresponding to the job requirements are low;

(three) the public service consciousness and sense of responsibility are general, the work discipline is not strong, the work is negative, or the work style is obviously insufficient;

(4) Being able to basically perform job responsibilities and complete tasks, but the quantity, quality and efficiency of the work completed are insufficient, or there are certain mistakes in the work, or the satisfaction of the clients is low;

(five) can basically be honest, but there are some shortcomings.

Fourteenth staff of public institutions in any of the following circumstances, the annual assessment shall be determined as unqualified grade:

(a) the ideological and political quality is poor, and there are serious problems in implementing the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, professional ethics, social ethics, family virtues, personal morality, etc.;

(two) the professional quality and working ability can not meet the requirements of the post;

(three) lack of public service awareness and sense of responsibility, lack of responsibility or inaction, or poor work style;

(4) Failing to perform post duties, failing to complete work tasks, or causing heavy losses or adverse social impact due to serious dereliction of duty in the work;

(five) there are problems in the practice of honesty, and the situation is more serious.

Fifteenth institutions staff annual assessment of excellent grades, generally not more than 20% of the total number of staff should participate in the annual assessment. The number of places with excellent grades should be tilted to front-line posts, hard posts and those who receive commendation and awards.

Institutions in the corresponding assessment year under any of the following circumstances, with the approval of the competent authority (department) or the comprehensive personnel management department of institutions at the same level, the proportion of outstanding grades in the annual assessment of staff can be appropriately increased, generally at 25%:

(a) the unit won the collective merit award;

(two) the unit has made significant innovations or outstanding contributions, and has been recognized by the relevant authorities (departments);

(three) the unit performance appraisal has obtained excellent grades.

The unit performance appraisal is unqualified grade, and there are many problems and accountability institutions. The competent authority (department) or the comprehensive personnel management department of institutions at the same level shall reduce the proportion of excellent grades in their annual assessment, generally not exceeding 15%.

Sixteenth to carry out the annual assessment of the staff of public institutions, you can set up an assessment committee or assessment work leading group, responsible for the organization and implementation of the assessment work, and the corresponding organization and personnel departments to undertake specific work. The assessment committee or assessment work leading group is established by the unit, and is generally headed by the main person in charge of the unit, and its members are composed of other leaders of the unit, relevant personnel of the organization and personnel department and the discipline inspection and supervision institution, and employee representatives. Established by the competent authority (department), the competent authority (department) generally organizes the person in charge of the personnel department as the director (team leader), and the members are composed of relevant personnel of the personnel department organized by the competent authority (department), relevant leaders of institutions, relevant personnel engaged in organizing personnel and discipline inspection and supervision, and employee representatives.

Seventeenth annual assessment is generally carried out in accordance with the following procedures:

(a) to formulate a plan. The assessment committee or the assessment leading group shall formulate the annual assessment work plan of public institutions, and after listening to the opinions of the staff through the workers’ congress or other forms, release it to the whole unit.

(2) summing up the work. The staff of public institutions shall summarize the post responsibilities, tasks, assessment contents and relevant requirements, fill in the annual assessment form, and report on their work within a certain scope when necessary.

(3) Evaluation, verification and evaluation. The assessment committee or the assessment leading group can adopt democratic assessment, performance evaluation, listening to the opinions of the competent leaders, internal evaluation of the unit, satisfaction survey of clients, third-party evaluation and other methods in line with the post characteristics, comprehensively evaluate the assessment objects, and put forward suggestions on assessment grades.

(4) determine the grade. The leading bodies of public institutions or the competent authorities (departments) shall organize the personnel departments to collectively study and approve the assessment grades. Those to be determined as excellent grades must be publicized within the scope of the unit, and the publicity period is generally not less than 5 working days. The assessment results shall be informed to the assessed personnel in written form and signed by myself.

Chapter IV Examination of Employment Period

Article 18 The employment period assessment is an all-round assessment of the overall performance of the staff of public institutions during a complete employment period. It is based on the employment (appointment) contract and the annual assessment results during the employment period, and is generally completed within one month before the expiration of the employment (appointment) contract.

Engagement assessment focuses on the completion of engagement task objectives.

Article 19 The results of employment assessment are generally divided into qualified and unqualified grades.

Twentieth staff of public institutions to complete the objectives and tasks of the employment period, and the annual assessment during the employment period is qualified and above, the employment period assessment should be determined as qualified.

Twenty-first staff of public institutions, without justifiable reasons, failed to complete the objectives and tasks of employment, employment assessment should be determined as unqualified grade.

Twenty-second institutions staff employment assessment should generally be carried out in accordance with the procedures of summing up the debriefing, evaluation, verification and evaluation, performance analysis, determination of grades, etc., combined with the actual situation, it can also be coordinated with the annual assessment.

Chapter V Peacetime Assessment and Special Assessment

Twenty-third peacetime assessment is a regular assessment of the daily work and consistent performance of staff in public institutions.

Article 24 The usual assessment of the staff of public institutions shall be mainly carried out in combination with daily management work. According to the characteristics of industries and units, methods such as work inspection, attendance record, heart-to-heart talk and listening to opinions can be adopted. The specific operation measures shall be determined by public institutions in light of the actual situation.

Institutions can explore the establishment of peacetime assessment records and form assessment results according to their own reality. The usual assessment results can be determined in the form of assessment reports, comments, grades or appraisals.

Twenty-fifth special assessment is a targeted assessment of the working attitude, responsibility, role and actual effect of the staff of public institutions in completing important special work, undertaking urgent and dangerous tasks, and responding to and handling emergencies.

According to the usual grasp of the situation, the outstanding performance or problems reflect more staff, you can conduct special assessment.

Twenty-sixth to carry out special assessment of the staff of public institutions, can be carried out in accordance with the procedures of understanding and verification, comprehensive judgment, result feedback, or combined with the promotion of special work flexible arrangements.

Special assessment results can be determined in the form of assessment reports, comments, grades or appraisals.

Chapter VI Application of Assessment Results

Article 27 Adhere to the combination of examination and use, and combine the examination results with selection and appointment, training and education, management and supervision, encouragement and restraint, accountability and accountability, etc., as the basis for the staff of public institutions to adjust their posts, positions, staff grades, salaries, evaluate their professional titles and rewards, and change, renew, dissolve and terminate their employment (appointment) contracts.

Twenty-eighth institutions staff annual assessment is determined to be qualified above grade, in accordance with the following provisions:

(a) increase the first salary scale;

(2) Pay performance pay in accordance with relevant regulations;

(three) the assessment year is calculated as the service life of the current post (staff) level.

Among them, if the annual assessment is determined as an excellent grade, it should be tilted under the same conditions when allocating performance pay; Priority should be given to job promotion and job title evaluation under the same conditions.

Twenty-ninth institutions staff annual assessment is determined to be basically qualified grade, in accordance with the following provisions:

(a) ordered to make a written inspection, the deadline for improvement;

(two) shall not increase the salary scale;

(3) Reduce performance pay accordingly;

(four) this assessment year is not calculated as the service life of the current post (staff) level, and the post (staff) level shall not be promoted in the next assessment year;

(five) for two consecutive years, it has been determined to be basically qualified, and it shall be adjusted or handled.

Thirtieth institutions staff annual assessment is determined to be unqualified grade, in accordance with the following provisions:

(a) shall not increase the salary scale;

(2) Reduce performance pay accordingly;

(three) to the lower level post (staff) level modulation;

(four) the assessment year is not calculated as the service life of the current post (staff) level;

(five) if it is determined to be unqualified and does not agree to adjust the post, or if it is determined to be unqualified for two consecutive years, the employment (appointment) contract may be terminated according to regulations.

Among them, if the post (employee) level has been reduced according to the regulations when being dealt with and punished, and the annual assessment of that year is determined to be unqualified, in order to avoid repeated punishment, level modulation will not be sent to the lower post (employee).

Thirty-first institutions staff annual assessment of uncertain grades, in accordance with the following provisions:

(a) shall not increase the salary scale;

(2) Reduce performance pay accordingly;

(three) the assessment year is not calculated as the service life of the current post (staff) level, and if the grade is uncertain for two consecutive years, the post will be adjusted according to the situation.

Article 32 If the employment period of the staff of a public institution is determined to be qualified and the employed post still exists, the employment (appointment) contract may be renewed through consultation between the staff and the institution.

If the term of employment is determined to be unqualified, the contract will not be renewed at the expiration of the contract; If it is really necessary to renew the employment (appointment) contract under special circumstances, it shall be reported to the competent authority (department) for examination and approval.

Article 33 The conclusive materials formed by the staff assessment of public institutions shall be kept in the personnel files of cadres.

Thirty-fourth peacetime assessment, special assessment results as an important reference for the annual assessment, employment assessment.

Using the results of usual assessment and special assessment, we should strengthen the incentive and restraint, cultivate education, encourage the advanced and spur the backward.

Article 35 If problems are found in the staff of public institutions during the assessment, they shall be dealt with and punished according to the nature and seriousness of the problems. Anyone suspected of committing a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

Thirty-sixth staff of public institutions who are dissatisfied with the grades determined to be basically qualified or unqualified may apply for review and lodge a complaint in accordance with relevant regulations.

Chapter VII Related Matters

Thirty-seventh employees of institutions who are employed for the first time, who are dissatisfied with the assessment year for half a year (including probation period), will participate in the annual assessment, only write comments, and are not sure about the grade.

For staff who are not employed for the first time, the working hours in other units in the same year are combined with the working hours in this unit. If they are dissatisfied with the annual assessment for half a year (including the probation period), they will participate in the annual assessment and only write comments, with uncertain grades; For those who have completed the annual assessment for half a year (including the probation period), their current institutions shall conduct annual assessment and determine the grade, and the original work unit shall provide relevant information.

The working hours of other units mentioned in the preceding paragraph can be comprehensively identified according to the relevant records of cadres’ personnel files, labor contracts and social insurance payment certificates.

Thirty-eighth annual assessment of the staff assigned by public institutions shall be handled in accordance with the following provisions:

(a) temporary, aid, overseas staff, in general, during the period of assignment by the work time of more than half a year to assess the unit and in an appropriate way to listen to the opinions of the sending unit or receiving unit.

(II) The staff sent by the unit to study and train and perform tasks, and the professional and technical personnel who have been approved to innovate part-time or start an enterprise on the job, or who have been sent to work in an enterprise and participate in project cooperation, shall be assessed by the unit where the personnel relationship is located, and the grades shall be determined mainly according to the performance of study and training, task execution, innovation and entrepreneurship, and the relevant units shall provide the performance outside.

Article 39 The assessment of personnel who hold positions in both management positions and professional and technical positions in public institutions shall be based on the responsibilities and tasks of the two positions, and the dual-post and dual-assessment shall be implemented.

Fortieth, based on the characteristics of their work, we should explore and improve the assessment methods for scientific researchers in universities, research institutes and other institutions, reasonably determine the assessment period and frequency, and promote scientific researchers to devote themselves to research and create scientific research results.

Forty-first sick leave, personal leave, non-unit sent out to study and train for more than half a year in the annual assessment, to participate in the annual assessment, uncertain grade.

Female employees who take maternity leave for more than half a year in accordance with the regulations shall participate in the annual assessment and determine the grade.

Forty-second staff members of public institutions suspected of violating discipline and law have been put on file for review and investigation, but the case has not been closed, so they will take part in the annual assessment, do not write comments, and are uncertain about their grades. If the case is not punished or given a warning after the case is closed, the grade shall be fixed according to the regulations.

Forty-third staff members of public institutions who have been punished by party discipline and government affairs or organized to handle and admonish them shall participate in the annual assessment and shall be handled in accordance with relevant regulations.

At the same time, if it is punished by party discipline and government affairs and organized to deal with it, the annual assessment results shall be determined according to the treatment and punishment that have a greater impact on its annual assessment results.

Forty-fourth staff of institutions who do not participate in the assessment without justifiable reasons, but still refuse to participate after education, are directly determined to be unqualified.

Forty-fifth institutions or competent authorities (departments) should strengthen the overall planning of assessment work, optimize the workflow, pay attention to the use of Internet technology and information technology, carry out assessment work simply and efficiently, and improve the quality and efficiency of assessment.

Forty-sixth comprehensive personnel management departments and competent authorities (departments) of public institutions at all levels shall strengthen the guidance and supervision of the assessment of staff in public institutions.

Those who engage in malpractices for personal gain, take revenge and resort to deceit in the assessment process will be severely dealt with in accordance with the relevant provisions.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

Forty-seventh organs of the staff assessment, with reference to these provisions.

Article 48 All localities and departments may, in accordance with these Provisions and in light of the actual situation, formulate specific measures or detailed rules for staff assessment of public institutions.

Article 49 The Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Provisions.

Article 50 These Provisions shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

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　　"The hospital took good care of us, thank them very much!" When recalling the recovery process, a 79-year-old man in Wuhan told the commentator of International Sharp Review.

　　As the top leaders of China have always stressed since the outbreak, people’s life safety and health should be put in the first place. In Wuhan, the worst epidemic area in China, this has been truly reflected.

　　This old man named Fu Chunzhi was unfortunately infected with COVID-19 in February this year, and her wife became a suspected case. After careful treatment in Hanyang Campus of Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the old couple turned to safety after being hospitalized for more than ten days.

　　In Wuhan, there are many patients like Fu Chunzhi who have come out of the shadow of the epidemic and returned to normal life. By 24: 00 on April 18th, the number of confirmed cases in Wuhan had dropped to 109, and the number of severe cases had decreased to 22. Behind this, it is a hard process in which fresh lives are rescued from the brink of death.

　　According to an official from National Health Commission, China, the success rate of treatment is about 70% among more than 2,500 patients over the age of 80 diagnosed in Wuhan. Among them, seven centenarians have been cured and discharged. As one of the most difficult groups to treat, the high cure rate of the sick elderly confirms the principle of life first in preventing and controlling the epidemic in China. It has been noted that the the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee meeting held on 17th demanded that Hubei and Wuhan should continue to do a good job in epidemic prevention and control, and treat and care for critically ill patients carefully.

　　Under the crisis, China’s respect for life and rescue can be seen in the details.

　　In order to support the fight against the epidemic in Hubei and Wuhan, more than 42,000 medical personnel were dispatched from all over China to rush to help; In order to ensure that all patients should be treated, Wuhan has built a centralized hospital and a number of shelter hospitals in a short time; After national deployment and procurement, artificial lung equipment (ECMO) and other urgently needed medical equipment and materials were sent to Wuhan … … In the face of a major public health emergency with the fastest spread, the widest infection range and the most difficult prevention and control since the founding of New China, "China speed", "China scale" and "China efficiency" are fully displayed, with only one goal — — Save lives to the greatest extent.

　　According to the official of China, as of April 6th, the per capita medical expenses of hospitalized patients diagnosed in China reached 21,500 yuan, the per capita medical expenses of critically ill patients exceeded 150,000 yuan, and the medical expenses of a few critically ill patients reached several hundred thousand yuan or even more than one million yuan, all of which were reimbursed according to regulations. A financial subsidy policy for personal expenses is brewing. This fundamentally solved the worries of people seeking medical treatment.

　　China’s efforts to save lives are impressive. Bruce Aylward, a senior adviser to the Director-General of WHO who led a team to China for a field trip, said that China knew how to make COVID-19 patients recover, and they made up their minds and invested a lot. "We should use whatever we have and save lives as we can.". Reuters commented that the "incredibly difficult measures" taken by China have protected hundreds of thousands of people from being infected with the virus.

　　A few days ago, China’s ambassador to the United States, Cui Tiankai, was interviewed by Bremer, president of Eurasia Group. When asked about China’s experience in dealing with the epidemic, he replied that it is most important for China to put people’s lives and health first, especially to protect vulnerable groups, including the elderly, people with basic diseases and the poor, at all costs.

　　In fact, in the face of crisis, how to save lives tests the conscience and action of a country and society. Only in this extreme situation can people have a deeper examination and reflection on the relationship between individuals and society and between individuals and the state.

　　In this epidemic, people heard many unfortunate stories. For example, in the United States, the world’s largest developed country, COVID-19 has the largest number of confirmed cases and deaths in the world. The American media described the epidemic as far more traumatic than the "9.11" incident, which shows its great impact on the country’s society.

　　Some commentators pointed out that an epidemic has highlighted the chronic diseases such as racial discrimination and social injustice in American society. For example, the country’s 29 million uninsured patients have to pay $35,000 for seven days of treatment; People of color have the largest number of reported cases of infection and death. About half of the infected people and 70% of the dead people in Chicago are African-Americans. According to a report by The New York Times on the 17th, since the end of February, at least 7,000 people in the nursing home system in the United States have died in COVID-19, accounting for more than one-fifth of all deaths in the United States.

　　It is noteworthy that the US government published an 18-page "Re-opening America" document on the 16th, instructing states to restart their economies in three stages, and handing over the final decision-making power to state governors. However, public opinion in the United States believes that the current detection range in COVID-19 is far from reaching the level that people can safely return to work, and the case data does not look as optimistic as the "epidemic peak has passed" declared by American leaders: according to Johns Hopkins University data, as of 6: 40 Beijing time on April 19, the cumulative number of confirmed cases in the United States exceeded 730,000, with more than 38,000 deaths.

　　Observers believe that the US government’s decision-making mistakes triggered a humanitarian disaster. The root cause, the logic of capital supremacy and the intensification of polarization between the rich and the poor have led to the failure to fully protect the most important right to life of the American people. The concept of "natural selection and survival of the fittest" that westerners firmly believe in forms a paradox with its advertised values of justice and equality, which leads to the interests of socially disadvantaged groups being ignored under the crisis. Many analysts believe that a major consequence of this epidemic is the crisis of western social governance model and values.

　　Everyone’s life is only once. No matter what kind of social system, respect and protection for life is the basic bottom line. The so-called "this may be life" should never be an excuse for politicians to shirk their responsibilities. Only by letting go of prejudice, abandoning self-interest and strengthening cooperation can we win more time for saving lives. (International Critical Commentator)

　　The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee pointed out that it is necessary to strengthen and innovate social governance, and improve the social governance system with party committee leadership, government responsibility, democratic consultation, social coordination, public participation, legal protection and scientific and technological support.

　　What if there are obstacles to the downward transmission of policies? What if social governance is not accurate and efficient enough? What about the shortage of grassroots staff? The situation at the grassroots level is complicated and the work is complicated. Social governance is a science. How to innovate and what should "successful governance" look like?

　　The reporter’s investigation found that through the guidance of party building and innovation of means, a number of good governance experiences are emerging in various places in recent years.

　　Two old people are chatting in Xinzhuang Community after the residents’ relocation project in Huanghetan District, fengqiu county, Henan Province (photo taken on November 19). Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Yuhua photo

　　Useful in practice: Party building leads the innovation of grassroots social governance

　　"As soon as I live in a new community, I don’t want to go back to my old house." Du Shaoqiang, 57, once lived in a shabby house with a leaky roof and muddy ground in the Yellow River Beach area of fengqiu county. Thanks to the relocation policy of the Yellow River beach area, I lived in a big house with four rooms and two halls in the town this year.

　　A resident walks into the corridor with his child in his arms in Xinzhuang Community after the relocation project of residents in the Yellow River Beach area of fengqiu county, Henan Province (photo taken on November 19). Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Yuhua photo

　　When the relocation policy was first transmitted downward, there were many voices of incomprehension and opposition. In this regard, fengqiu county established a mass relocation organization under the leadership of the Party branch — — House-to-house representatives will be elected, and representatives of "Ten Households" will be signed by house representatives, and representatives of "Hundred Households" will be elected for every ten representatives of "Ten Households", and then the relocation council will be created.

　　"The representatives of the masses themselves are members of the masses, and it has a unique advantage to release the upper feelings and upload the lower feelings." Chen Ming, secretary of the Party Committee of Lizhuang Town, fengqiu county, said that through the innovation of Party building, the relocation of the Yellow River beach area was finally implemented smoothly, and good policies fell to the ground.

　　Like fengqiu county, leading grassroots social governance innovation through party building and creating a governance model that works in practice are bearing fruit everywhere — —

　　Qilihai Town, Ninghe District, Tianjin has set up a team of "red grid workers" to know the residents in their respective jurisdictions clearly, understand the ideological situation of the masses at the first time, and help solve practical difficulties in a timely manner.

　　Community innovation in Nanchang Road, Xian ‘an District, Xianning City, Hubei Province has promoted the "four-meeting discussion" mode. By organizing the branch committee and general party membership meeting, organizing the property management personnel and members of the industry committee to hold a tripartite joint meeting, and holding a democratic appraisal meeting, it has promoted the formation of a new governance mode of "branch committee, party member discussion, resident unit leadership and mass supervision".

　　"In the past, neighbors did not interact with each other. Now everyone is out of the house and carrying out activities together, and the community atmosphere is getting better and better." Huang Hui, secretary of the general branch of the community party, said.

　　Grass-roots cadres and masses love to use: new models and new means to promote convenient and efficient grass-roots governance

　　The reality that community residents are younger, residents’ committees are generally older, and community work is out of sync with residents’ time has brought many problems to community management.

　　Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province innovatively adopted a new model, and built a "micro-neighborhood" WeChat WeChat official account, which shifted the community discussion from offline to online. After residents pay attention to WeChat official account and enter their own grid group, they can face to face with grid staff and functional departments, and all their demands can be reflected through "I want to say something" or "Grid Council". The background tracks the whole process of appeal and reporting and responds in time.

　　In July this year, a dog bite occurred in Dongting Community, Fruit Lake Street, Wuchang District. Dongting community adopted the residents’ suggestions at the "Grid Council", and the grid staff guided the residents to participate in the formulation of the dog-raising convention, clearly requiring dog owners to sign a commitment letter.

　　High-tech means provide technical support for the facilitation of grassroots governance. Many places are using the "urban brain" data platform to achieve accurate social governance and efficient public services.

　　In TEDA Street, Binhai New Area, Tianjin, if a manhole cover is damaged or lost, it will be monitored by the "city brain" in time, and the installation and responsible unit can be found in the background, and the task is assigned to be disposed of within a time limit. "In this way, we can strive to resolve risks in peacetime, instead of letting the city respond to emergencies every day ‘ Fire fighting ’ 。” Chen Song, a staff member of the Wisdom Office of the Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone Management Committee, said.

　　In chibi city, Hubei Province, the feedback problem of "Digital Urban Management System Platform" is "key-to-key", which eliminates the "face-to-face" of traveling, greatly facilitates the masses, effectively handles affairs and effectively promotes governance, and is well received by cadres and masses.

　　The masses feel useful: the ultimate goal of co-construction and co-governance is sharing.

　　Since last year, Warner Community in Tianjin Binhai New Area has helped the community solve many thorny problems by recruiting a team of community inspectors who are responsible for safety, environmental sanitation, stability, emergency, assistance and inspection.

　　"Many problems we have reflected have been solved, and we have a sense of accomplishment!" Li Mingling was hired as a community inspector last year. After inspecting the community and finding problems, she took photos and sent them to the community leaders to promote problem solving.

　　The outside of Yinhe Community in Warner Community is a commercial street. Because kitchen waste can’t be treated on the road along the street, merchants choose to throw it into the community. "The soup of the hotel is poured into the community, and there are seafood shops washing seafood in the community. It is dirty and smelly, and everyone is afraid to open the window." Residents complained bitterly.

　　Under the inspector’s reflection, Warner Community has spent more than 40 days to rectify the commercial street, with a brand-new look, and residents have praised it.

　This is the cultural wall of Qinyuan Community, Jiefang District, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province (photo taken on November 19th). Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Yuhua photo

　　The residents of Qinyuan Community in the Liberated Area of Jiaozuo City, Henan Province elected the residents’ council of Louyuan to lead the residents to jointly manage the public affairs of the community through direct election.

　　"Do you want to repair the road at the door? How to solve the problem of pulling wires privately … …” Zou Jiafen, director of the Community Office of the Liberated Area, said that the Council worked out a solution by collecting residents’ opinions. After the plan was announced, it repeatedly collected feedback and finally informed the residents of the rectification.

　　Through the building-courtyard consultation governance mode of co-construction and co-governance, Qinyuan Community has solved the difficulties and pains that a group of residents are concerned about, and formed a strong atmosphere created by the whole people. This old building with outdated infrastructure, messy environment and many security risks has become a beautiful building, a civilized building and a smart building, and residents have a full sense of acquisition and happiness. (Participating in writing: Liao Jun, Shang Kunlun, Jianqiang Liang, Yuan Bixia, Mao Zhenhua, Zhai Yongguan)

　　This is the relocation project of residents in the Yellow River Beach area of fengqiu county, Henan Province (taken by drone on November 19th). Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Yuhua photo

　　CCTV News:Now is the season of spring. Cherry Blossom Avenue of Wuhan University attracts many tourists every year, which also brings a lot of management pressure to the school. Since 2016, Wuhan University has begun to use online booking to limit the flow of people. For this few percent of flower viewing opportunities, people have made great efforts and even clashed. For example, Wuhan University was recently involved in the whirlpool of public opinion. Two tourists who came to Wuhan University to enjoy cherry blossoms had a physical conflict with the security guard. Some people said that they had a conflict with the security guard when they were prevented from entering the campus because they wore kimonos. So what is the truth?

　　A few days ago, the security guards of Wuhan University had a physical conflict with two men who came to enjoy cherry blossoms. With the increasing number of onlookers, the mood of security personnel is heating up.

　　Regarding this conflict, Wuhan University responded soon. The school has an unpublished complete surveillance video showing that before this conflict, a female security guard persuaded her to leave for six minutes, because one of the two tourists did not make an online reservation. Because two men were emotional, the female security guard asked for male security support, and the two sides developed from a physical collision to a serious physical conflict. Regarding the kimono regulations mentioned by the security guards, the school said that this year, only appropriate clothing was required, and no provision was made that kimonos were not allowed to enter.

　　Tu Shangbiao, director of the archives of Wuhan University, said that the cherry blossoms of Wuda University actually came from the first half of 1939. After the Japanese occupied this place, more than 20 cherry blossoms were shipped from Japan. In fact, there were only 28 cherry blossoms. Now the first generation of cherry blossoms should be gone. After the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan in 1972, the Japanese sent 1,000 cherry blossom seedlings to China. At that time, Premier Zhou said that 50 cherry blossom seedlings would be sent to Wuhan University, and based on this, they gradually expanded. At present, there are more than 1,000 cherry blossom seedlings.

　　After the incident, online public opinion continued to revolve around cherry blossoms and kimonos, but the real reason was not so complicated. The female security guard doesn’t know all the history of cherry blossoms. She just wants to stop tourists who don’t have an appointment from entering the park. The conflict is still inseparable from the management problem.

　　Li Tianliang, deputy director of the Party and Government Office of Wuhan University, said that the school is not a scenic spot, in fact, it has been scenic, but the school’s many infrastructures can’t keep up, so the management is more difficult. On the one hand, we want to maintain our normal teaching, scientific research and office order as much as possible, and our school also tries to provide the best cherry blossom viewing experience for tourists who come to the school, but the balance between the two is very difficult to find.

When it comes to Wal-Mart’s future supermarket, don’t think it’s a retail giant shopping center. They have nothing to do with it. Wal-Mart calls its future supermarket "Neighborhood Market". They are smaller and closer to the city center, and only sell daily necessities and consumer goods.

Charles O’Shea, vice president of rating agency Moody’s, believes that these future supermarkets of Wal-Mart will mainly pose a threat to traditional retail supermarkets such as Whole Foods and krogh. Because it can rely on Wal-Mart’s extensive supply chain, the neighborhood supermarket has a unique advantage compared with its competitors.

Charles O’Shea predicted that in the end, Wal-Mart’s future supermarkets will surpass shopping centers in number. Wal-Mart now has 656 neighborhood supermarkets and more than 3,400 shopping centers.

Let’s visit the neighborhood supermarket in Richmond, Virginia, and see what will be in the supermarket in the future.

The appearance of the neighborhood supermarket looks not much different from that of the conventional Wal-Mart supermarket, but the parking spaces are more compact.

The inside of the supermarket is much smaller than the traditional Wal-Mart, with only 10 rows of shelves, which looks a bit like a mini-krogh supermarket.

Most neighborhood supermarkets cover an area of about 42,000 square feet (about 3,900 square meters), which is about 1/5 of the Wal-Mart shopping center.

When you walk into the supermarket, the first thing you see is the fresh food area. Wal-Mart plans to build 95 new neighborhood supermarkets this year, less than originally expected. Greg Foran, CEO of Wal-Mart USA, said last week that the company is increasingly advocating the concept of "improving the profitability and quantity of neighborhood supermarkets by improving the freshness of food and the service level of supermarkets."

The fresh area is full of all the fruits and vegetables you need for daily cooking.

There is even a small organic food area where fruits and vegetables look very fresh and clean.

A Wal-Mart spokesman said that placing boxes of extra products under the display shelves would enable supermarket employees to complete replenishment more quickly and conveniently. In addition, it also allows employees to sort out empty containers directly in the sales area, without leaving the sales area and going to the warehouse behind the store to repair the shelves.

Generally speaking, the service provided by supermarkets to customers in the future is excellent. Almost every corridor in the store has employees who greet you warmly and ask if you need help. If the shopping basket looks too heavy, an employee will give you a trolley.

There are a lot of square slices of ham in the cooked food and bread section, but there seems to be not much roast chicken.

A Wal-Mart spokesman said that the store will replenish roast chicken at lunch and dinner, and now these roast chickens on the shelves are left after the lunch rush hour. In order to avoid waste, the store will cook according to the needs of customers, so the remaining amount of roast chicken varies with the daily passenger flow.

There are many fresh baked cookies, cupcakes and bread in the bread area.

There are many choices of wine and beer. Some customers who live near the neighborhood supermarket can choose the goods online and then pick them up at the store. Wal-Mart has established online shopping malls in 20 cities.

Soft drinks occupy two rows of shelves, including water, soda and sports drinks. Furniture and baby products are displayed on some shelves.

On the shelf where soda water is sold, there is also an oven for sale. Unlike other stores, Wal-Mart’s neighborhood supermarkets only sell food and daily necessities.

All the shelves in the middle floor are well placed and very clean and tidy.

However, some shelves look a little redundant. It doesn’t seem necessary to make so much room for vegetable oil.

So is ketchup.

There is also a lot of salad dressing … …

Or salad dressing … … Really saved too much … …

I also found some kitchen appliances, such as coffee machine, toaster and oven.

Because the size of the store is very small, I can easily find the goods I need. Compared with the larger shopping malls in krogh, if you want to finish shopping quickly, the neighborhood supermarket will be a better choice.

Many low-priced goods can be seen on two rows of containers of frozen food.

Neighborhood supermarkets have always performed very well in sales. In the latest quarter, the same-store sales of neighborhood supermarkets increased by 7.3%, while the same-store sales of all Wal-Mart stores in the United States increased by 1.5%.

At present, 75% of the goods in the neighborhood stores are food, and another 25% include cleaning products, pet products and medicines. Supermarkets separate this part from food and set up a separate area to make it easier for customers to find the goods they need.

The shelves of laundry supplies are in good order.

The shelves around the drug area are much shorter than the food shelves, which makes the signs of the drug area more clear and conspicuous.

On the way to check out, there are some cheap goods on the shelves.

Although the passenger flow in the supermarket has been very stable, there is no long queue at the checkout counter. The checkout is very fast.

Generally speaking, Wal-Mart Neighborhood Supermarket and its services have left a deep impression on reporters. This is completely different from the feeling of shopping in Wal-Mart. It can be said that this is a completely new experience. It is not difficult to understand why the concept of neighborhood supermarket will be a great success.

"Our customers like neighborhood supermarkets very much, because we can not only provide the convenience of community grocery stores and pharmacies, but also provide millions of rich products in Wal-Mart’s online shopping mall." John Forrest Ales, a Wal-Mart spokesman, said: "These neighborhood supermarkets are the perfect combination of convenience shopping and our huge super shopping center, which can be said to be impeccable."

Translation: Zhou Yifan

　

　

　　On October 21st, the autonomous region should issue a notice to the Office of the Leading Group for COVID-19 Epidemic to make arrangements for the comprehensive and orderly restoration of production and living order in the whole region.

　　Restore production and living order in an orderly manner and release social and economic vitality.

　　Accurately assess the risk of epidemic prevention and control, orderly cancel the closed and semi-closed control measures of residential quarters (courtyards), gradually restore the normal management and personnel passage of residential quarters (courtyards), and relax the entry and exit restrictions of service personnel needed for daily life of residents such as express delivery, maintenance and take-out.

　　Party and government organs, enterprises and institutions, social organizations and individual industrial and commercial households in the whole region have resumed normal working order and production and operation in an orderly manner. Carry out agricultural and animal husbandry production in an orderly manner.

　　Schools in the whole district arrange teachers and students to return to school (park) in an orderly manner. Fully resume the normal practice activities of various medical institutions. Government service halls at all levels have fully resumed normal window services.

　　Gradually promote the full resumption of business of catering and other life service industries, and open urban and rural supermarkets, fairs and farmers’ markets in an orderly manner to meet the purchasing needs of urban and rural people for production and living materials.

　　Gradually open libraries, art galleries, cultural centers, museums, gymnasiums and places for religious activities, and open all kinds of scenic spots, tourist resorts and parks in an orderly manner. Promote the hotel accommodation industry to resume business, and gradually resume the business of cinemas, Internet cafes and other leisure and entertainment places.

　　Trains, planes, urban public transport, taxis, road passenger lines and other public transport and all kinds of vehicles gradually resumed operation and traffic. The postal express industry resumed the business of processing centers and business outlets in an orderly manner.

　　Provide nucleic acid detection services to meet the needs of personnel flow.

　　Personnel who move in the local city should hold negative proof of nucleic acid test within 72 hours before entering public places, taking public transport, returning to school and returning to work, and strictly scanning the place code. Workers in industries and fields such as express delivery, hotels, scenic spots, transportation, farmers’ supermarkets, logistics and supply, sanitation and cleaning, and general medical institutions (other departments except fever clinics) conduct nucleic acid testing at least once every 2 days. People who are in direct contact with overseas people, articles and the environment, staff in centralized isolation places, medical staff in fever clinics of designated medical institutions and general medical institutions, and other frontline epidemic prevention and control personnel conduct nucleic acid detection once a day.

　　Implement epidemic prevention requirements to ensure the safe and orderly flow of personnel

　　We will continue to strictly implement the epidemic prevention and control requirements for personnel entering and leaving Tibet. Personnel entering Tibet should strictly implement the epidemic prevention and control requirements such as reporting in advance, negative proof of nucleic acid within 48 hours, and "three days and two inspections" after entering Tibet, and do not have meals, get together or go to crowded places within 7 days after entering Tibet. Tibetan personnel should apply to the community in advance, complete the health monitoring and audit procedures, and leave Tibet after adding a nucleic acid test at the airport, railway station and land pass with the negative certificate of "three tests in three days" or "two tests in two days".

　　Scientifically guide the flow of personnel in the area. The flow of people across cities in the region is proved to be negative by "three days and two inspections" nucleic acid detection. All traffic stations and land checkpoints around the city boundaries strictly implement epidemic prevention and control requirements such as checking the negative certificate of "three-day two-inspection" nucleic acid test, the green code of Tibet Yitong, the travel code, and temperature measurement.

　　Strictly implement the epidemic prevention and control regulations to prevent the epidemic from rebounding.

　　All kinds of public places and institutions should strengthen the guidance of personnel flow, avoid people gathering, and strictly implement prevention and control measures such as ventilation and disinfection, temperature detection, code scanning and bright code, negative proof of nucleic acid inspection, wearing masks, and keeping a safe social distance.

　　Advocate not gathering, going out less, reducing unnecessary dinners and gatherings, and making things simple for red and white. No large-scale meetings, training, exhibitions, cultural performances and other gathering activities will be held in the near future.

　　The circular stressed that the current situation of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19 is still complicated and grim, and the whole region should always adhere to the general strategy of "external defense input and internal defense rebound" and the general policy of "dynamic clearing", always keep the alarm bell ringing and always be vigilant, and all localities, cities, industries, departments, units and everyone should further implement the "four-party responsibility" of epidemic prevention and control and continue to consolidate the hard-won important achievements of epidemic prevention and control.

　　China’s "double carbon" strategy advocates a green, environmentally friendly and low-carbon lifestyle, which depends on the continuous development and innovation of green energy technology. At the moment when China is vigorously developing renewable energy, the recovery and reuse of micro-energy in real environment such as magnetic energy has attracted the attention of many researchers.

　　Chu Zhaoqiang, a young teacher and associate professor of the Underwater Acoustic Engineering College of Harbin Engineering University and the "Marine Magnetic Sensor and Detection" team of the Innovation and Development Base, has researched and designed a new structure of weak magnetic energy collector, which can make the sensor of the Internet of Things avoid all kinds of manual and tedious operations such as battery replacement and maintenance, and realize "self-power generation" under weak magnetic conditions, and its output power is about 120% higher than that of the traditional structure. Recently, the research academic paper "Significantly enhanced weak magnetic energy recovery performance in magnetic-mechanical-electric energy capture devices with two ends clamped" was published online in the internationally renowned journal Advanced Energy Materials in the field of energy materials.

　　Recovery and reuse of micro-energy in the environment

　　"Internet of Everything" is an important engine to build an intelligent world, and it also gives birth to the rapid development of Internet of Things technology. At present, a major challenge in developing the Internet of Things is to find the self-powered technology of sensor communication nodes to support the construction of large-scale and distributed sensor networks.

　　In view of this technical challenge, many fields in China are actively planning ways to solve it. In 2021, the national key R&D plan "Smart Sensor" focused on the problem of self-powered access to the network for multi-parameter biosensors of human body in wireless scenes, and put forward the self-powered technology for obtaining energy from human body. In 2022, the national key R&D plan "Smart Sensor" focused on the problem of power supply and network access of distributed sensors with state awareness in distribution network, and proposed the project guide of magnetoelectric coupling self-powered magnetic field sensitive components and sensors; In 2022, the National Natural Science Foundation of China also included the micro piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting technology for aerospace into the scope of the guide.

　　It can be said that the development of distributed energy acquisition technology to realize the recycling of micro-energy in the environment is of great value, and it is also an effective measure to respond to the national energy conservation and emission reduction strategy and help peak carbon dioxide emissions.

　　For the recycling of environmental micro-energy, among many collectable energy sources, such as vibration energy, radiation energy and near-field electromagnetic energy, stray magnetic energy generated by power cables, industrial machinery and household appliances has been paid more attention by researchers because of its fixed frequency and wide distribution, which is more efficient than low-frequency energy such as wind energy. Especially in the context of building smart grid, it is urgent to capture energy from overhead cables and build a sustainable self-powered sensor network for on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis of transmission line state parameters.

　　Just like the beautiful new world described in the novel "Three-body", the cup can heat itself without power supply and battery, but the flying car in the air can fly without battery, and there will never be no electricity, all because the power supply uses microwave or other forms of electromagnetic vibration to generate electricity and form a wireless power supply field. This technology is actually the technology currently used for wireless charging of mobile phones. At first, people also turned their attention to this traditional coil induction power taking device. However, this technology has some outstanding problems, such as large volume, inconvenient installation and difficult to withstand short-term heavy current impact.

　　Therefore, people began to study an energy harvesting device that converts magnetic energy into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy (MME). This technology is expected to become a new choice for the next generation of low-frequency magnetic field energy collection.

　　According to Chu Zhaoqiang, this new type of energy harvesting device uses the magnetic torque effect and hysteresis expansion effect, and then uses the piezoelectric effect to realize the conversion between mechanical energy and electrical energy. Its advantage is that it does not need the closed magnetic circuit required by the coil induction device, and it can achieve higher efficiency of energy conversion and higher tolerance to strong current pulses.

　　A new method for low-field energy collection

　　Chu Zhaoqiang began to contact vibration and magnetic field energy collection technology in 2016. From 2016 to 2021, we have been committed to the research of materials and devices based on the traditional cantilever resonant structure. This is an energy collector structure with one end fixed and the other end free, and a mass (magnet) is attached to the free end. This structure provides the driving torque by the free-end magnetic mass, and at the same time contributes more than 90% equivalent mass. In this case, if the resonant frequency of the resonator is to be kept constant at 50 Hz, it is difficult to enhance the magnetic-mechanical coupling performance simply by increasing the mass of the free-end magnet. It is precisely for this reason that most of the cantilever magnetic-mechanical-electrical devices studied at present are only limited to the energy collection of strong magnetic fields, that is, magnetic fields greater than 5 Oe. The World Health Organization points out that the safety threshold of 50/60Hz alternating magnetic field accessible to the public is 1Oe, and the magnitude of stray magnetic field in the environment is generally lower than this reference value. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new principles and methods suitable for low-field energy collection.

　　Based on the thinking of "how to reduce the equivalent mass of free-end magnetic mass block by magnetic-mechanical-electric energy harvesting devices", Chu Zhaoqiang boldly innovated and put forward a design idea of clamping beams at both ends. This design makes both ends of the magnetic-mechanical-electric energy harvesting device fixed, and adopts a second-order vibration mode, which reduces the kinetic energy of the central magnetic mass, thus reducing its contribution to the equivalent mass of the resonant system, and greatly improving the output performance of the system under the condition of increasing the magnet volume.

　　Experiments show that under the same excitation condition in weak magnetic environment, the energy collector can output more than twice as much electric energy as the traditional cantilever structure in the same unit time, which can completely make the sensor without battery work normally and communicate with the mobile phone terminal.

　　Chu Zhaoqiang said: "In scientific research, it is often a small or even inconspicuous design method that plays a key role. But the source of this method must be based on long-term research and thinking. "

　　Future or used in underwater small bionic platform

　　"At present, this energy collection technology for magnetic field still has some limitations in application. Science always solves a problem and brings many new problems." Chu Zhaoqiang told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that in the future, he will mainly consider further optimizing the parameter design of magnetic-mechanical-electric energy harvesting devices clamped at both ends in terms of materials and geometry, further realizing the integration of increasing the adaptive magnetic field variation range and miniaturization, and providing key technologies for the development of self-powered magnetic field sensitive components, intelligent sensing of power grid transmission and transformation, and topological relationship identification of distribution power network.

　　Chu Zhaoqiang also said that the team will combine the advantages of Harbin Engineering University’s marine scientific research to deeply study the wireless energy supply technology based on ultrasound and magnetic field for small underwater bionic platforms such as underwater robotic fish and unmanned underwater vehicles, which can not only solve the problem of energy "taking" of small bionic platforms, but also solve the problem of energy "supply".

　　Chu Zhaoqiang’s team of "Marine Magnetic Sensors and Detection" in the Underwater Acoustic College of Harbin Engineering University and the Innovation and Development Base was established in 2017 and has been growing continuously. Aiming at the basic theory, key technologies and engineering applications of multi-sensor detection of underwater targets, the team has comprehensively carried out technical research on basic magnetic materials, magnetic sensor development, underwater information perception and processing.

　　Reporter Li Liyun correspondent Huo Ping

Source: Science and Technology Daily

　　With the continuous development and deepening of reform and opening-up, the rule of law in China has gone through a magnificent 40-year course and made unprecedented achievements. The 40-year history of reform and opening-up is a glorious history of the continuous change, perfection and sustainable development of the rule of law in China, and it is also a glorious history of the party leading the people on the road of rule of law, building the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics and building a socialist country ruled by law.

　　1. Abandon the rule of man and enforce the rule of law.

　　Over the past 40 years, the rule of law and the process of reform and opening up in China have always been closely integrated and complemented each other. In December 1978, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China profoundly summed up the historical lessons and raised the construction of democracy and the rule of law to a new height, which was a milestone in the history of the rule of law in new China.

　　The most obvious sign of the beginning of the rule of law in the new period is the large-scale legislation in 1979. In July 1979, the Second Session of the Fifth National People’s Congress deliberated and passed seven important laws, including the Criminal Law and the Criminal Procedure Law. In September 1979, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued "Instructions on Resolutely Ensuring the Practical Implementation of Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure Law", pointing out that the promulgation of criminal law and criminal procedure law is of great significance to strengthening the socialist legal system. Whether they can be strictly implemented is an important symbol to measure whether the socialist legal system is implemented. This document is regarded as an important symbol of the new stage of socialist legal system construction in China. At the same time, courts, procuratorates, public security and judicial administration institutions, as well as the lawyer system, notary system and people’s mediation system have been restored and rebuilt. Legal research institutions and legal education institutions have also been rapidly rebuilt and developed.

　　On December 4, 1982, the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People’s Congress adopted a new constitution. The "82 Constitution" inherited the basic principles of the "May 4th Constitution" and made many important reforms and developments according to the needs of socialist construction in the new period. For example, the preamble and article 5 of the general program of the Constitution establish the socialist principle of rule of law and stipulate the fundamental position of the Constitution and the constitutional guarantee system to safeguard the unity and dignity of the rule of law. The Constitution has made new and more explicit provisions on citizens’ basic rights, and strengthened safeguards. The Constitution of 1982 has set up a pillar for the building of the rule of law in the new period, and played a great role in promoting and safeguarding the rule of law in the new period. During this period, in order to promote the reform and opening up and ensure the smooth progress of socialist modernization, the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee made economic legislation the focus of their legislative work, and successively formulated laws such as the Economic Contract Law, the Statistics Law, the Income Tax Law for Sino-foreign Joint Ventures, the Income Tax Law for Foreign Enterprises, the Personal Income Tax Law, the Trademark Law and the Patent Law, and approved the regulations on land acquisition for national construction and the regulations on Guangdong Special Economic Zone.

　　In 1997, the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China established the rule of law as the basic strategy for the party to lead the people to govern the country, and it was a historic leap to realize the transformation from rule of man to rule of law and from rule of law to rule of law. In 2007, the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward goals and tasks for fully implementing the basic strategy of governing the country according to law, emphasizing the need to speed up the construction of a socialist country ruled by law, improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, promote administration according to law, deepen the reform of the judicial system, and carry out in-depth publicity and education on the legal system.

　　2. Governing the country in an all-round way according to law and entering a new era

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has made great strides in the construction of the rule of law, promoting the rule of law in an all-round way, comprehensively strengthening the system construction of the organic unity of the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and the rule of law, deepening scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, fair justice and law-abiding for all, promoting the construction of a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law and a society ruled by law, improving the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and obviously enhancing the concept of the rule of law in the whole society.

　　In 2012, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China focused on the strategic goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law, and confirmed that the rule of law is the basic way to govern the country. Clearly put forward the new 16-character policy of rule of law construction — — Scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, fair justice and law-abiding for the whole people; Clearly put forward the phased objectives and tasks of the rule of law construction by 2020.

　　In 2013, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee made "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Deepening Reform", regarding "promoting the construction of China under the rule of law" as an important task of comprehensively governing the country according to law and comprehensively deepening reform, and put forward for the first time that "to build China under the rule of law, we must adhere to the joint promotion of governing the country according to law, governing the country according to law, and administering the country according to law, and building a society under the rule of law."

　　In 2014, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee made a special study on the major issues of comprehensively governing the country according to law and made the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Comprehensively Promoting Several Major Issues of Governing the Country according to Law, which defined the overall goal, blueprint, road map and construction drawing of comprehensively governing the country according to law. This is the first special study in the history of our party, which specially deployed the central plenary session of governing the country in an all-round way according to law.

　　In 2017, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made major strategic judgments, such as Socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era and the transformation of major social contradictions in China, which not only provided theoretical guidance for the construction of China ruled by law, but also put forward a series of new tasks and requirements for deepening the practice of governing the country according to law, pointed out the strategic development direction and practical development strategy of comprehensively governing the country according to law, and opened a new journey of rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　3. Basic experience of rule of law construction

　　Over the past 40 years, the rule of law in China has made remarkable achievements and accumulated many valuable experiences.

　　Adhere to the leadership of the Party and follow the road of rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics. The road determines the direction, and the road determines the fate. The most fundamental experience of 40 years of rule of law in China is to adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and unswervingly follow the road of rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics. The practice of 40 years has fully proved that without the fundamental premise of the party’s leadership, it is impossible to ensure the correct direction of the rule of law construction, and without the party’s leadership, the rule of law will become empty talk.

　　Adhere to the people’s dominant position, respect and protect human rights, and ensure that the people are masters of their own affairs. The people are the masters of the country and the main body of governing the country in an all-round way. To deepen the practice of governing the country according to law and build a China ruled by law, we must uphold the people’s dominant position. To ensure and realize that the people are the masters of the country, we must promote democratic legislation and scientific legislation, so that legislation can truly reflect the will of the people; Promote administration according to law and fair justice, and realize law enforcement and justice for the people; By deepening the reform of the judicial system, we will speed up the construction of a fair, efficient and authoritative socialist judicial system, safeguard people’s rights and interests, and let the people feel fairness and justice in every judicial case.

　　Adhere to the supremacy of constitutional law, safeguard the authority of constitutional law, and promote the implementation of constitutional law. If the constitutional law is strong, the rule of law is strong and the country is strong; If the constitutional law is weak, the rule of law is weak and the country is weak. In our country, the Constitution and the law are the embodiment of the unity of the party’s ideas and the people’s will and the transformation into the national will through legal procedures, and are the institutionalization, standardization and legalization of the party’s line, principles and policies. To uphold the supremacy of constitutional law, we must oppose substituting words for laws, suppressing laws with power and bending the law.

　　Adhere to the combination of ruling the country by law and ruling the country by virtue. It is not only a summary of historical experience, but also a profound grasp of the law of governing the country. The rule of law and the rule of virtue are like two wheels of a car and wings of a bird, which cannot be neglected. National and social governance needs the concerted efforts of law and morality, and both the rule of law and the rule of virtue are needed.

　　Combining the rule of law with the rule of the party. The organic combination of governing the country according to law and governing the party according to regulations not only enriches the connotation of governing the country according to law, but also provides a reliable institutional basis and legal guarantee for comprehensively administering the party strictly. It is our party’s new concept, new practice and new experience to closely combine the rule of law with the rule of law, and realize the joint promotion and integrated construction of the rule of law and the rule of law.

　　Persist in proceeding from China’s national conditions and reality, and learn from the experience of human civilization ruled by law. To promote the rule of law in an all-round way, we can neither ignore the national conditions, go beyond the stage, nor stick to the old ways and stick to the rules. To proceed from reality, we should highlight the characteristics of China, practice and the times, constantly enrich and develop the socialist theory of rule of law, and provide theoretical guidance and academic support for governing the country according to law. The rule of law is one of the important achievements of human civilization, and we should learn from the outstanding achievements of the rule of law civilization in the world. However, learning from others doesn’t mean simply taking advantage of others. We must persist in taking myself as the main factor, making use of it, carefully identifying it and absorbing it reasonably.

　　Author: Li Lin (researcher, Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory System Research Center, China Academy of Social Sciences, member of the Faculty of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, deputy director of the Faculty of Social Politics and Law)